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PC Chart
Technical Analysis Program
Version 1.5
July 15, 1993
Shareware Documentation
Copyright (c) 1988 - 1993 Guru Systems Ltd.
Written by Gene Quong
All rights reserved.
PC Chart Documentation Page i of xv
Software Licence and Warranty
This terms of the software license and warranty are contained in
the file "LICENSE.DOC" and "WARRANTY.DOC".
How to Order PC Chart Plus
We have another program called PC Chart Plus which is an enhanced
version of the PC Chart program. The upgrade process consists of
copying three files onto your hard disk. PC Chart can be used on a
system with two 360K floppy disks or a hard disk and floppy
disk. PC Chart Plus requires a hard disk and one floppy or a
system with one or two floppy drive(s) which have a minimum
capacity of 720K.
Enhancements:
- The software designer and developer of this program, Gene
Quong, used it to achieve a 24th placing (out of approx.
10,000 people) in the 1993 Investors Group Portfolio Challenge.
Please contact us for a copy of the results.
- Extra support for commodity futures. PC Chart Plus supports
a seven-field format: data, volume, open interest, open,
high, low, close.
- Extra analytical studies: Open Interest Versus Volume,
Candlesticks, MACD, Relative Strength, Volatility,
Alpha-Beta, Guru, and Market Guru.
- Extra display flexibility: the number of days on screen can
be varied from 60, 125, 250, or 500 days, all technical
indicators can be applied on either a daily, weekly, or
monthly basis (except Market Guru).
- Extra drawing capabilities: upper and lower trend lines,
fibonacci retracements, one-third and two-thirds speedlines,
and upward and downward 45 degree lines can be drawn on any
analytical study except Point & Figure.
- Manual scaling is supported in this version.
- Quick viewing of the next stock or future is supported. One
keystroke allows you to see the next stock or future.
The Guru and Market Guru indicators give buy and sell
signals. The Market Guru indicator will allow you to scan
all your securities, and lists all securities which are
either overbought or oversold.
Demo:
PC Chart Plus is not a Shareware program. If you want to
evaluate a fully working version of this program for sixty
days you must fill out the following form.
PC Chart Documentation Page ii of xv
Order Form for PC Chart Plus
Name :
Company :
Street Address :
:
City :
State :
Zip Code :
Telephone # :
# of copies :
$ 125 US per copy : $ 125
# of copies :
$ 5 US per demo copy : 5
Subtotal :
Shipping (Free in US :
and Canada)
+===================+
| Overseas Orders: |
| $ 2 Surcharge for |
| demo disks | :
| $ 5 Surcharge for |
| manual & software | :
+===================+
Total :
We accept MasterCard, VISA, cheques, or money orders, please do
not send cash in the mail. If paying by Mastercard or Visa,
please fill out the following:
Credit Card # :
Valid Date :
Expiry Date :
Signature :
Send to: Guru Systems Ltd. Tel: (604) 299-1010
3873 Airport Way Fax: (604) 299-1099
Box 9754
Bellingham, WA 98227-9754
USA
Business hours: Monday to Friday 9 - 5 pm Pacific Time
Or send us an E-mail message on CompuServe or GEnie.
CIS : 72717,1651
GEnie: G.QUONG
PC Chart Documentation Page iii of xv
Part 1 Getting Started
1 Installing and Starting PC Chart 3
1.1 Backing Up Your Disks 3
1.2 Checking Disk Contents 3
1.3 Installing PC Chart 4
1.3.1 Installation on a Hard Disk System 4
1.3.2 Installation on a Floppy Disk System 4
1.4 Running the Chart Program 4
1.4.1 Starting the Program 5
1.4.2 Main Menu 5
1.4.3 Analysis Menu 7
1.4.4 File Menu 8
1.4.5 Setup 9
1.4.6 Modem 10
1.4.7 Exiting the Program 11
Part 2 File Maintenance
2 Creating Price Files 14
2.1 Creating and Editing Symbol Files 16
2.2 Updating Price Files 18
2.3 Editing Price Files 20
2.4 Advance/Decline File Maintenance 23
2.4.1 Update A/D 23
2.4.2 Create A/D File 26
2.4.3 Edit Symbol File 27
2.4.4 Edit A/D File 27
2.5 Data Verification 29
PC Chart Documentation Page iv of xv
Part 3 Analysis
3 Technical Analysis 32
3.1 Price/Volume 33
3.2 Relative Strength Index 35
3.3 Moving Averages 36
3.4 Parabolic System 38
3.5 Logarthmic Plot 41
3.6 Point & Figure 42
3.7 Stochastics 43
3.8 Weekly Chart 43
3.9 Monthly Chart 44
3.10 Money Flow 45
3.11 Parameters 46
3.12 Advance/Decline Indicators 47
Part 4 Setup
4 Purpose of Setup 50
4.1 Colors 50
4.2 Drive 50
4.3 Format 51
4.4 All-Quotes 52
4.5 Dial/Data 53
4.6 GEnie 54
4.7 Printer 55
Part 5 On-line Price Information
5 Introduction to Telecommunications 63
5.1 All-Quotes 63
PC Chart Documentation Page v of xv
5.1.1 All-Quotes Menu Structure 64
5.1.2 Daily 64
5.1.3 Create 65
5.1.4 Manual 65
5.1.5 Update 65
5.1.6 Recreate 66
5.2 Dial/Data 66
5.2.1 Daily 68
5.2.2 Create 71
5.2.3 Manual 72
5.2.4 Update 73
5.2.5 Recreate 73
5.3 GEnie 74
5.3.1 Daily 74
5.3.2 Manual 75
5.3.3 Update 76
Bibliography 76
Index 77
Figures
Figure 1.1 - Main Menu 5
Figure 1.2 - Analysis Menu 7
Figure 1.3 - File Menu 8
Figure 1.4 - Setup Menu 9
Figure 1.5 - Modem Menu 10
Figure 2.1- Updating Price Files 14
Figure 2.2 - Create Price File Data Entry Screen 15
PC Chart Documentation Page vi of xv
Figure 2.3 - Creating and Editing Symbol Files 16
Figure 2.4 - Symbol File Entry Screen 17
Figure 2.5 - Updating Price Files 18
Figure 2.6 - Initial Spreadsheet 19
Figure 2.7 - Entering Volume and Price Information 20
Figure 2.8 - Editing Price Files 21
Figure 2.9 - Edit Spreadsheet 21
Figure 2.10 - A/D File Menu 23
Figure 2.11 - A/D Menu 23
Figure 2.12 - Initial Spreadsheet 24
Figure 2.13 - Entering Advance Decline Information 25
Figure 2.14 - A/D Menu 26
Figure 2.15 - Create A/D File Date Entry Screen 26
Figure 2.16 - A/D Menu 28
Figure 2.17 - Edit Spreadsheet 28
Figure 3.1 - Double Top 42
Figure 3.2 - Double Bottom 43
Figure 3.3 - Change Parameters 46
Figure 4.1 - Colors Menu 50
Figure 4.2 - Drive Menu 51
Figure 4.3 - Data Format Menu 51
Figure 4.4 - Dial/Data Menu 52
Figure 4.5 - Printer Menu 53
Figure 5.1 - All-Quotes Menu 64
Figure 5.2 - Dial/Data Menu 67
Figure 5.3 - Updating All Thirty Stocks in the DJIA 71
PC Chart Documentation Page vii of xv
Figure 5.4 - Creating a File Using Dial/Data 71
Figure 5.5 - GEnie Menu 74
Figure 5.6 - Updating Price Files 75
Tables
Table 1.1 - Menu Choice Keys 5
Table 1.2 - Main Menu Description 6
Table 1.3 - File Menu Description 8
Table 1.4 - Setup Menu Description 9
Table 1.5 - Modem Menu Description 10
Table 2.1 - Cursor Control Keys 22
Table 2.2 - Explanation of terms used in A/D 25
Table 2.2 - Cursor Control Keys for A/D 29
Table 3.1 - Screen Control Keys 33
Table 3.2 - Pick Control Keys 34
Table 3.3 - Rules for Parabolic Time/Price System 39
Table 4.1 - All-Quotes Parameters 52
Table 4.2 - Dial/Data Parameters 53
Table 4.3 - GEnie 54
Table 5.1 - Stock Exchange Abbreviations 63
PC Chart Documentation Page viii of xv
Introduction
Welcome to PC Chart! This package contains a comprehensive set
of technical analysis tools which will enable you to determine
when to buy and sell stocks and commodities. It includes the
following features:
Easy and Powerful Technical Studies
The package is menu driven with an easy to use interface. Most
of the features of the program can be explored without reference
to this manual. Novices would be well advised to read this
manual throughly. This program is NOT a substitute for human
logic and common sense.
Comprehensive Manual Editing Tools
Small portfolios can be easily updated daily in less than fifteen
minutes. The program uses a spreadsheet-like interface for easy
editing and updating of up to four hundred price files.
Telecommunication Capabilities
For users who want automatic updating through a modem, this
program allows you to update prices through All-Quotes,
Dial/Data, or GEnie. Users must subscribe to the service
directly. The addresses and phone number listed in the following
pages.
All-Quotes, Inc.
40 Exchange Place
Suite 1500
New York, NY 10005
Tel: (800) 888-7559
All-Quotes charges $0.29 per minute. No minimum monthly charge.
PC Chart Documentation Page ix of xv
Effective May 1, 1988
Dial/Data Fee Schedule
Daily and Historical Data Retrieval
Charge Per Issue Per Day*
# OF DAYS COMMODITIES & INDEXES STOCKS & OPTIONS
1 - 100 0.035 0.030
101 - 200 0.025 0.015
201+ 0.015 0.010
*Weekly sets add $0.02 per price
*Monthly set add $0.02 per price
*Muncipal Bonds $0.50 per price
SIGN-UP FEE $25.00
MONTHLY MINIMUM: $15.00
MINIMUM $0.50 PER DATA RETRIEVAL RUN
Examples of Charges
Stocks: Retrieving price sets of 80 stocks for business day in a
month:
80 x 0.03 = $ 2.40 per day $ 2.40 x 22 days = $52.80
Stocks: Retrieving price sets for one stock for a six month
period:
Number of Days of data = 6 x 22 = 132 days
Cost = 132 x 0.015 = $1.98
Commodities: Retrieving price sets of 25 commodity contracts for
each business day in a month:
Cost = 25 x 0.035 = $0.88 per day
$0.88 x 22 = $19.36 per month
PC Chart Documentation Page x of xv
To: Dial/Data a division of Track Data Corp.
95 Rockwell Place
Brooklyn, NY, 11217
Tel: (718) 522-6886
Fax: (718) 522-6847
Please send me instruction on how to write my own software.
I am using the PC Chart program provided: Guru Systems Ltd.
: 3873 Airport Way
Box 9754
Bellingham, WA 98227-9754
I require both the 1200 and 2400 baud access Sprintnet numbers.
Pricing, Billing, and Payment
The Dial/Data service pricing is on the preceding fee schedule.
Track Data reserves the right to change these prices with 30 days
prior notice. All charges you incur must be: (a) paid in the
form of a personal cheque (deposit and signup fee enclosed), or
(b) charged to a valid credit card (no deposit required). Track
Data Corp reserves the right to discontinue service without
notice for non-payment or invalid credit card charges. Client
may cancel the service upon ten (10) days written notice. The
minimum monthly charge is $15.
Initial Deposit _________________________________enclosed ($100)
Signup Fee _________________________________enclosed ($25)
Credit Card # _________________________expiry date __________
American Express ___ MasterCard ___ Visa ___
I acknowledge that the above provision and pricing, as well as
the GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS shall cover my use of the DIAL/DATA
service, and accept responsibility for all charges generated
under my account.
Signed ________________________________________ Date____________
Name ____________________________________________________________
Address _________________________________________________________
City _______________________ State __________ Zip ____________
Tel: _________________________________________________________
PC Chart Documentation Page xi of xv
Confidentiality:
Client acknowledges that all material and information which has
or will come into the possession or knowledge of each in
connection with this CONTRACT FOR SERVICES or the performance
hereof, consists of confidential and proprietary data, whose
disclosure or use by third parties will be damaging. Therefore,
client agrees to hold such material and information in strictest
confidence, not to make use thereof other than the performance of
this contract, and not to release same, or disclose it to any
other party.
Track Data Property Rights:
As to any program, data, or other materials made available to the
Client by Track Data Corp., Track Data Corp. retains the property
right thereto and during the term of this Agreement Track Data
Corp. grants the Client only a license thereto. Upon the
termination of the Agreement, said license shall terminate.
Force Majeure:
Neither party shall be responsible for, or liable to the other on
account of delays or failure in performance resulting from acts
beyond the control of such party. Such acts shall include but
not be limited to acts of God, strikes, lockouts, riots, acts of
war, epidemics, government regulations superimposed after the
fact, fire, communication line failures, power failures,
earthquakes, or other disasters.
Notices:
All notices under this CONTRACT FOR SERVICES shall be in writing
and shall be deemed to have been duly given if actually receives
by the other party or if deposited in the United States mail,
postage prepaid and addressed as set forth on the reverse hereof
it to Client and to 95 Rockwell Place, Brooklyn, NY 11217 if
to Track Data Corp. or in such different manner, as may have been
requested in writing by either party.
Warranties and Limitations of Warranty
(a) in the event of any interruption of service, or failure of
equipment or personnel to perform the services as herein
contracted. Track Data Corp. warrants that it will make a good
faith effort to provide or restore such services to any Client.
Any failure of such good faith efforts shall not be regarded as a
breach of this Agreement.
PC Chart Documentation Page xii of xv
(b) With respect to any data processing services rendered to
Client. Track Data Corp. warrants that error(s) in such services
which are due solely to errors on the part of Track Data Corp.
will be credited to Client's account, provided Client notifies
Track Data Corp. of such error(s) within 60 days of the occurence
of such error(s). If reprocessing is requested by Client such
reprocessing shall be charged to Client at the prices applicable
to the service at the time of reprocessing.
(c) Client acknowledges that any data processing services or
information to be rendered by Track Data Corp. are merely aids,
for which Client must oversee the results. Accordingly Track
Data shall have no liability to Client for actions taken by
Client in reliance on results produced or information furnished
by Track Data Corp. other than that prescribed in subparagraph
(b) hereof.
(d) Track Data Corp. makes no warranty or representation,
expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or freedom from error of
its data processing servcies or data to be rendered by Client.
(e) THE OBLIGATIONS OF TRACK DATA CORP. AND THE RIGHTS AND
REMEDIES OF CLIENT SET FORTH IN ALL THE FOREGOING SUBPARAGRAPHS
ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN SUBSTITUTION FOR ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
OBLIGATIONS, AND LIABILITIES OF TRACK DATA CORP., AND RIGHTS,
CLAIMS AND REMEDIES OF CLIENT AGAINST TRACK DATA CORP., EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, ARISING BY LAW OR OTHERWISE, WITH RESPECT TO ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OR
DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE, OR FOR ANY OTHER DIRECT INCIDENTIAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
PC Chart Documentation Page xiii of xv
CompuServe
5000 Arlington Center Boulevard
Columbus, OH 43220
Phone: (800) 425-6895
(614) 457-8600
CompuServe charges $8.95 per month for delayed and closing stock
quotes,
GE Information Services
401 N. Washington St.
Rockville, MD
USA 20850
Tel: (800) 638 9636
GEnie charges $8.95 per month for up to four hours per month of connect
time.
PC Chart requires the following minimum configuration:
An IBM Personal computer or strict compatible running
MS-DOS or PC-DOS Version 2.0 or later
Two floppy disk drives OR one floppy-disk and a hard disk
512K RAM
Color Graphics Adapter, Hercules Graphics Card,
EGA, or VGA
1200 or 2400 Baud Hayes compatible modem (optional)
Epson LX, FX, JX, LQ, IBM Proprinter, HP Laserjet or 100%
compatible printer
Using This Manual
This manual is divided into sections.
Part 1 of this manual, "Getting Started", explains how to install
the PC Chart program.
Part 2, "Files", explains how to create, edit, and update price,
symbol, and delta files.
Part 3, "Analysis", explains the mathematical algorithms which
are used, and how to interpret various indicators.
Part 4, "Setup", explains how to set up the default disk drive,
printer driver, and modem parameters. It is necessary to set up
PC Chart Documentation Page xiv of xv
default communication ports, type of phone connection, and
password before using the modem to automatically update price files.
Part 5, "Modem", is a detailed description on how to update
prices through a modem.
Resources for Learning
The following books and magazines are recommended for further
study and reference.
Cohen, A.W., The Chartcraft Method of Point and Figure
Trading, 3rd printing, Larchmont, New York: Chartcraft, Inc.
1967
Edwards and McGee, Technical Analysis of Stock Trends, Boston,
Massachusetts, John Magee Inc. 1983
Frost and Prechter, Elliot Wave Principle : Key to Stock Profits,
5th Ed., New York City, New Classics Library, Inc., 1985
LaSalle and Jackson, Commodity Trading Manual, Chicago Board of
Trade, Chicago, Illinois, 60604, 1985
FIA Futures Trading Course, Futures Industy Association, 1325
Eyre Street, N.W. Suite 1040, Washington, D.C., 20006, 1985
Murphy, John, Technical Analysis of the Futures Markets, New York
Institute of Finance, 70 Pine Street, New York, NY 10270, 1986
Technical Analysis Inc., Technical Analysis of Stocks and
Commodities (mag.), Seattle Washington: Technical Analysis Inc.
Wilder, J. Welles Jr., New Concepts in Technical Trading
Greensboro, N.C. Trend Research, 1978
The books and magazines listed above can be purchased from the
following sources.
Traders Press Inc. Technical Analysis, Inc.
P.O. Box 10344 3517 S.W. Alaska St.
Greenville, SC 29603 Seattle, WA 98126
Order Line: (800) 927-8222 (206) 938-0570
Fax Line : (803) 298-0221
Education and Marketing Services Dept.
Chicago Board of Trade
Chicago, Illinois 60604
Futures Industry Association
1825 Eyre Street
N.W. Suite 1040
Washington, D.C. 20006
PC Chart Documentation Page xv of xv
Part 1
Getting Started
This part of the manual will get PC Chart up and running on
either a floppy or hard disk system. Chapter 1 explains how to
install the program, how to start, use, and exit from the
program, and explains how to set up your own personalized
database.
PC Chart Documentation Page 1 of 77
Chapter 1
Getting Started
1 Installing And Starting PC Chart 3
1.1 Backing Up Your Disks 3
1.2 Checking Disk Contents 3
1.3 Installing PC Chart 4
1.3.1 Installing on a Hard Disk System 4
1.3.2 Installing on a Floppy System 4
1.4 Running the Chart Program 4
1.4.1 Starting the Program 5
1.4.2 Main Menu 5
1.4.3 Analysis Menu 7
1.4.4 File Menu 8
1.4.5 Setup 9
1.4.6 Modem 10
1.4.7 Exiting the Program 11
PC Chart Documentation Page 2 of 77
1 Installing and Starting PC Chart
This chapter tells you how to install and start the PC Chart
program. Before you begin using the program, be sure to.
1. Back up your product disks (see Section 1.1).
2. Check the contents of your disks (see Section 1.2).
1.1 Backing Up Your Disks
Working copies of your program disks should be made before
installing the program on your computer system. We can use DOS
(MS-DOS or PC-DOS) COPY or DISKCOPY commands to do this. The
original disks should be stored away in a safe place to make
future working copies.
Follow these instructions to make working copies of the System
and Data Disks.
1. Place your DOS system disk in drive A.
2. Type out the following DOS command.
diskcopy a: a:
Insert SOURCE Diskette in Drive A:
Press Any key when ready . . .
The computer will respond with the above message, replace the DOS
disk in drive A with the PC Chart disk. Press a key, and you
will get the following message.
Insert TARGET diskette in drive A
Press any key when ready . . .
Put a blank diskette in drive A, and press a key to produce the
following message.
Copy another diskette (Y/N)?
Type N to get back to DOS or Y to copy more disks if needed.
1.2 Checking Disk Contents
When you open your program package for the first time, you may
want to verify that you have a complete set of software. The
System Disk included in your software package contained a file
that is named PACKING.LST; this file lists and describes the
files that make up the package.
PC Chart Documentation Page 3 of 77
1.3 Installing PC Chart
Follow these instructions to install PC Chart on either a hard
disk or floppy-based system.
1.3.1 Installing on a Hard Disk System
To install on a hard disk system.
<install><ENTER>
<expand cga><ENTER> (for CGA/HGC Systems)
OR
<expand ega><ENTER> (for EGA/VGA Systems)
You are now ready to run the program, refer to Section 1.4 for
instructions.
1.3.2 Installing on a Floppy Disk System
The minimum requirements for PC Chart are two floppy drives OR
one floppy drive and a hard drive. To install the files for a
two floppy systems follow these instructions:
Floppy disk installation:
a. Format two floppy disks (5.25" - 360K OR 3.5" - 720K).
b. floppy><ENTER>
You are now ready to run the program, refer to Section 1.4 for
instructions.
1.4 Running the Chart Program
The following section gives a brief description on how to run the
program.
PC Chart Documentation Page 4 of 77
1.4.1 Starting the Program
On a hard disk system the following instruction can be used to
start the program. Change the current directory to the
destination directory specified in the installation. Type:
chart
On a floppy disk system make A the default drive. Then, type the
above command to start the program.
1.4.2 Main Menu
The Chart program is designed to be easy to use and learn. The
first screen to appear is the copyright notice. Press any key to
go on to the main menu.
The main menu will then appear:
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
ANALYSIS File Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
Figure 1.1 - Main Menu
The current active menu choice is highlighted in reverse video.
Initially the current choice is Analysis. There are two methods
to make a menu choice. The first is to use the left and right
cursor keys to move the cursor to the appropriate choice. You can
then make your choice by pressing Enter. The second method is to
press the first letter of the menu choice.
Table 1.1 - Menu Choice Keys
Key Function
Enter Chooses currently highlighted menu item.
Esc Exits current menu to previous menu.
Home Highlights first item on menu.
PC Chart Documentation Page 5 of 77
End Highlights last item on menu.
Up Arrow Moves the highlighting cursor bar up one level.
At the top of the menu, pressing the up arrow
will bring you to the bottom of the menu. Used
in all menus except the main menu.
Down Arrow Moves the highlighting cursor bar down one level.
At bottom of the menu, pressing the down arrow
will bring the top of the menu. Used in all
menus except the main menu.
Right Arrow Moves the highlighting cursor bar to the right.
On the of the menu it will bring you back to the
first item of menu. Used only in main menu.
Left Arrow Move the highlighting cursor bar to the left.
On the main menu it will bring you back to the
last item of the menu. Used only in the main
menu.
PgUp Scrolls to the previous page of the menu. Up
to forty stocks can be displayed on the screen.
Not all these stocks displayed at one time.
Page Up be used to scroll to the previous screen.
PgDn Scrolls to the next page of the menu. Up to
forty stocks can be displayed on the screen.
Not all these stocks can be displayed at one
time. Page Down can be used to scroll to the
next screen.
First Highlights and chooses the menu item.
Letter
Of
Item
Table 1.2 - Main Menu Description
Item Function
Analysis The analysis menu contains all the studies
used in this program to determine the proper
timing of purchases and sales of stocks and
commodities.
PC Chart Documentation Page 6 of 77
File Creation, editing, and updating of daily price,
delta, symbol files or done in this section of
the program.
Modem Automatic updating of price files by downloading
information from All-Quotes, Dial/Data, or GEnie.
Setup Initializes or changes screen colors, default
disk drives, printer drivers, communication
parameters and passwords.
Exit Exits program.
1.4.3 Analysis Menu
The analysis menu is shown below.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
ANALYSIS File Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+===========++========++=======================+
| A: DOW30 || A: ALD || A: Price/Volume |
| B: INDEX || B: AA || B: Relative Strength |
| C: AD || C: AXP || C: Moving Averages |
+===========+| D: T || D: Parabolic System |
| E: BS || E: Logarthmic Plot |
| F: CAT || F: Point & Figure |
| G: CHV || G: Stochastics |
| H: KO || H: Weekly Chart |
| I: DIS || I: Monthly Chart |
| J: DD || J: Money Flow |
| K: EK || K: Parameters |
| L: XON |+=======================+
| M: GE |
| N: GM |
| O: GT |
| P: IBM |
| Q: IP |
+========+
Figure 1.2 - Analysis Menu
The first menu is a list of all symbol files. The maximum number
of symbol files allowed is ten. A symbol file contains up to
forty abbreviated stock symbols. For example, IBM has a symbol
IBM. Each company name is typically abbreviated to a three
letter code. Up to eight letters can be entered as a stock code.
Warrants and special classes of common stock would need more than
three letters. The total number of price files allowed is four hundred,
which could be achieved by having forty stocks in ten symbol files.
PC Chart Documentation Page 7 of 77
The second menu is simply a list of the contents of the
particular symbol file that you have chosen to see. The contents
of the DOW30 symbol file are the thirty stock that comprise
the DOW30 Index. It is important to enter the correct stock codes when
you download information from All-Quotes, Dial/Data, or GEnie.
Incorrect stock symbols will give you you erroneous information.
The third menu outlines all available technical analysis studies
available with this program for price files.
Feel free to experiment with the various studies. To understand
these techniques it will be necessary to study Chapter 3
thoroughly.
1.4.4 File Menu
The file menu looks like Figure 1.3 shown below.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+=======================+
| A: Update Prices |
| B: Create Price File |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit Price File |
| E: A/D Menu |
+=======================+
Figure 1.3 - File Menu
The file menu of PC Chart is used to record daily price and
volume information on stocks and commodities. Each menu item on
the file menu is explained below.
Table 1.3 - File Menu Description
Item Explanation
Update Updates all price files in a particular symbol
Prices file. Usually stocks of interest on an stock
or commodities exchange are grouped together.
Each price file in the symbol file is
processed together.
Create Price Creates a new price file. A price file is
File created and price information is placed into
this file.
PC Chart Documentatation Page 8 of 77
Edit Symbol Symbol files can be created and edited under
File this option.
Edit Price A particular price file can be edited, errors
File can be corrected, the data in the file can be
verified.
A/D Menu Invokes the Advance Decline Menu. This menu
is used to update, create, and edit A/D files.
The Advance Decline menu will be thoroughly
covered in sections 2.4 in Chapter 2.
1.4.5 Setup
The setup menu is divided into three areas.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+================+
| A: Text C. |
| B: Drive |
| C: Format |
| D: All-Quotes |
| E: Dial/Data |
| F: GEnie |
| G: Printer |
+================+
Figure 1.4 - Setup menu
The setup section of PC Chart is used to configure screen colors,
default disk drives, printer drivers, and communication
parameters. Each menu item on the file menu is explained below.
Table 1.4 - Explanation of Setup Menu
Item Explanation
Text C. The screen color can be changed, the default is
B&W. In the EGA/VGA version there is another
option called Graph C. which is used to change
the colors of the charts.
Drive The default disk drive can be specified. After
installing PC Chart on a floppy based system,
the default disk drive is B. On a hard disk
based the default disk drive is the current
subdirectory of your hard disk. This option on
the setup menu allows the user to specify a
different default disk drive. Up to thirty
PC Chart Documentation Page 9 of 77
characters are allowed to specify disk drive and
directory path.
Example: C:\chart
Format The format section is used to change the data
format used by PC Chart from its own proprietary
data format, ASCII (text), and CSI data files.
PC Chart can read and write its own data format
and ASCII files, it can only read CSI files.
All-Quotes The All-Quotes section is used to adjust parameters
to allow the program to communicate with All-Quotes.
Dial/Data The Dial/Data section is used to adjust communication
parameters to allow the program to communicate
with Dial/Data.
GEnie The All-Quotes section is used to adjust parameters
to allow the program to communicate with GEnie.
1.4.6 Modem
The modem menu is shown below.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+================+
| A: All-Quotes |
| B: Dial/Data |
| C: GEnie |
+================+
Figure 1.5 - Modem Menu
The modem menu is used to download information from Dial/Data to
update your price files.
Table 1.5 - Modem Menu Description
Item Explanation
All-Quotes All-Quotes provides real-time, delayed, and
historical quotes on securities listed on the
NYSE, AMEX, NASDAQ, CBT, CME, CEC, TSE, VSE,
MSE, and ASE exchanges.
PC Chart Documentation Page 10 of 77
Dial/Data a division of Track Data Corporation provides
both delayed and historical quotes for stocks,
bonds, rights, warrants, government issues,
mutual funds, options, market indices,
commodities, and market statistics. A recent
enhancement that is now operational is the
addition of Canadian securities to their database
with history going back to February 9, 1989. The
symbol with a "-T" appended, i.e. IBM-T, would be
the symbol for IBM as it is traded on the
Canadian exchange.
GEnie GEnie provides historical quotes for stocks
listed on AMEX, NYSE, and NASDAQ exchanges.
1.4.7 Exiting the Program
Leaving the program is easy. One method of exiting the program
regardless where you are in the program is to press the ESC key
repeatedly until you get to the main menu. When you are in the
main menu choose Exit, which is the last item on the menu.
PC Chart Documentation Page 11 of 77
Part 2
File Maintenance
This part of the manual explains how to create, edit, and update
price, symbol, and delta files. Manual updating of price files
is economical and easy. Stock quotations can be easily obtained
from daily newspapers. The Wall Street Journal carries extensive
listings. It is better to enter information on the entire
trading day. DO NOT use newspapers which list incomplete
quotations as an information source.
This chapter is designed to instruct you on the necessary steps
needed to create the database structure needed to update price
information on a daily basis. Weekly and monthly price
information is derived from daily price/volume information and
manual daily entry is not needed. The information is presented
in a step by step basis. By the end of this section you will
acquire all the knowledge necessary to update price and delta
files on a daily basis.
PC Chart Documentation Page 12 of 77
Chapter 2
File Maintenance
2 Creating Price Files 14
2.1 Creating and Editing Symbol Files 16
2.2 Updating Price Files 18
2.3 Editing Price Files 20
2.4 Advance/Decline File Maintenance 23
2.4.1 Update A/D 23
2.4.2 Create A/D File 26
2.4.3 Edit Symbol File 27
2.4.4 Edit A/D File 27
2.5 Data Verification 29
PC Chart Documentation Page 13 of 77
2 Creating Price Files
The first step in creating your database structure is to create
files for all the stocks and commodities that you wish to follow.
The creation of price files is a simple matter.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+=======================+
| A: Update Prices |
| B: CREATE PRICE FILE |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit Price File |
| E: A/D Menu |
+=======================+
Figure 2.1 - Updating Price Files
Choose "Create Price File" on the file section of the main
program.
This will get you the following screen.
PC Chart Documentation Page 14 of 77
Path: Tue May 31 1990 21:51:49
Symbol Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
F2 = Save F3 = Insert F4 = Delete
Figure 2.2 - Create Price File Data Entry Screen
The following steps are necessary to create a price file.
1. Prepare historical price information from newspapers.
2. Type in PATH (disk drive and directory). An example
of a path is C:, which will create a file in the current
directory the C drive. The maximum length of the PATH
is 30 characters.
3. Enter the full name of the corporation or commodity
future. The maximum length of the name is 20
characters.
4. Type the correct stock symbol for the corporation. For
example, the correct code for International Business
Machines is IBM. Please check the accuracy of the
symbol with your stock or commodity broker.
PC Chart Documentation Page 15 of 77
5. Enter the correct abbreviation for the commodity or
stock exchange.
American Stock Exchange - AMEX
NASDAQ - NASDAQ
New York Stock Exchange - NYSE
Chicago Board of Trade - CBT
Chicago Mercantile Exc. - CME
Chicago Board Options - CBO
6. Manually update the price file. The correct format
for the date is year, month, and day.
YY/MMDD - Last two digits of year, Month, and Day.
Note that the "/" must be inserted between the year and
month.
7. Inspect and edit all entries, then when you are
satisfied that there is no errors, save the file by
pressing the F2 function key.
2.1 Creating and Editing Symbol Files
Now you must place the stock symbol in a symbol file. Each
symbol file is simply a list of price files. Each price file is
identified uniquely on each stock exchange by its stock symbol
which is usually three characters long. It is wise to group the
price files by exchange. The symbol files are used to create
menus on the screen.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================+
| A: Update Prices |
| B: Create Price File |
| C: EDIT SYMBOL FILE |
| D: Edit Price File |
| E: A/D Menu |
+========================+
Figure 2.3 - Creating and Editing Symbol Files
Choose "Edit Symbol File" on the file section of the main program
just like Figure 2.3. This will get you the following screen.
PC Chart Documentation Page 16 of 77
File: Wed Jun 01 1988 21:51:49
List File Path Symbol Exchange
1 DOW30
2 INDEX
3 AD
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Alt D=D File Alt R=Rename Esc=Quit F2=Save F3=Insert F4=Delete
Figure 2.4 - Symbol File Entry Screen
The following steps are necessary to create or edit a symbol
file.
1. Enter name from list of symbol files, or new symbol
file name.
2. Type in PATH (disk drive and directory). An example
of a path is C:, which will create a file in the current
directory of the C drive. The maximum length of the
PATH is 30 characters.
3. If your are creating a new symbol file, type the correct
stock symbol for the corporation. For example, the
correct code for International Business Machines is IBM.
Please check the accuracy of the symbol with your stock
or commodity broker. Otherwise just edit the entries
that exist in the symbol file.
4. Enter the correct abbreviation for the commodity or
stock exchange.
American Stock Exchange - AMEX
NASDAQ - NASDAQ
New York Stock Exchange - NYSE
Chicago Board of Trade - CBT
Chicago Mercantile Exc. - CME
PC Chart Documentation Page 17 of 77
5. Edit all entries in existing symbol files.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until you are satisfied with the
symbol files. Group the price files into logical units,
newspapers group stock or commodity quotation by
exchange. It is logical to follow the same format, and
to list the stocks in alphabetical order to ease stock
entry.
For a fresh start:
1. To start over delete all symbol files except one from
the list. To do this press Alt-D, then type in the
name of symbol file that you want deleted.
2. To rename the last symbol file press Alt-R, then type
in the new name.
3. Type in PATH (disk drive and directory). An example
of a path is C:, which will create a file in the
current directory of the C drive. The maximum
length of the PATH is 30 characters.
4. Edit the entries that exist in the symbol file.
5. Save the file by pressing F2.
2.2 Updating Price Files
The UPDATE PRICES item on the file menu is used to update daily
price and volume information on stocks and commodities.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1988 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================++============+
| A: UPDATE PRICES || A: DOW30 |
| B: Create Price File || B: INDEX |
| C: Edit Symbol File |+============+
| D: Edit Price File |
| E: A/D Menu |
+========================+
Figure 2.5 - Updating Price Files
You now choose which symbol file you wish to update. If you
choose the DOW30 symbol file then the screen will be altered in
the following manner.
PC Chart Documentation Page 18 of 77
Date: Wed May 11 1990 21:14:37
90/0510
Symbol Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1 ALD NYSE
2 AA NYSE
3 AXP NYSE
4 T NYSE
5 BS NYSE
6 BA NYSE
7 CAT NYSE
8 CHV NYSE
9 KO NYSE
10 DIS NYSE
11 DD NYSE
12 EK NYSE
13 XON NYSE
14 GE NYSE
15 GM NYSE
16 GT NYSE
17 IBM NYSE
18 IP NYSE
19 JPM NYSE
20 MCD NYSE
Alt D=D File Alt R= Rename Esc=Quit F2=Save F3=Insert F4=Delete
Figure 2.6 - Initial Spreadsheet
When you update prices from quotations listed in daily papers,
all issues in a particular exchange such as the New York Stock
Exchange are listed on the same page in alphabetical order.
Updating of stock prices are done in a batch mode. Complete
stock and commodity quotations from newspapers are always one day
behind. Yesterday's date is highlighted on the second line of
the screen. If this date is correct, then simply press Enter to
accept the date. To correct the date:
1. Press the BACKSPACE key as many times as necessary to
erase erroneous information in the highlighted date.
2. Type in the correct information.
3. Press Enter to accept this date.
Referring to your newspaper, we can now enter the rest of
relevant information.
1. Press NUM LOCK to make sure that your numeric keypad is
active.
PC Chart Documentation Page 19 of 77
2. Using the numeric keypad, type out the number.
3. Press ENTER, the next entry will be highlighted.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all numbers are entered.
Close: Wed Jul 20 1993 21:44:37
125500
Symbol Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1 ALD NYSE 93/0720 125500 69.375 68.500 68.875
2 AA NYSE 93/0720 76000 70.500 70.250 70.500
3 AXP NYSE 93/0720 576900 32.125 31.750 32.000
4 T NYSE 93/0720 1012200 64.875 64.250 64.500
5 BS NYSE 93/0720 152000 18.875 18.625 18.875
6 BA NYSE 93/0720 215900 37.750 37.375 37.625
7 CAT NYSE 93/0720 282800 79.000 78.250 78.875
8 CHV NYSE 93/0720 274700 83.750 83.125 83.750
9 KO NYSE 93/0720 637200 44.500 44.125 44.375
10 DIS NYSE 93/0720 1414400 36.875 36.000 36.375
11 DD NYSE 93/0720 235200 48.875 48.125 48.375
12 EK NYSE 93/0720 371500 50.750 50.250 50.625
13 XON NYSE 93/0720 320100 64.750 63.625 63.625
14 GE NYSE 93/0720 656500 99.750 98.625 99.625
15 GM NYSE 93/0720 862400 48.000 47.250 47.750
16 GT NYSE 93/0720 257600 42.000 41.500 41.750
17 IBM NYSE 93/0720 2862100 43.750 41.625 42.750
18 IP NYSE 93/0720 111600 64.625 64.125 64.375
19 JPM NYSE 93/0720 232100 72.000 71.125 71.375
20 MCD NYSE 93/0720 280600 49.250 48.250 48.500
Esc = Quit F2 = Save
Figure 2.7 - Entering Volume and Price Information
Press F2 to update all the above files, to leave this spreadsheet
without saving any of the information to disk, press the Esc key.
2.3 Editing Price Files
The Edit Price File item on the file m enu is used to edit all the
information in a price file.
PC Chart Documentation Page 20 of 77
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================++===========++=========+
| A: UPDATE PRICES || A: TSE || A: ABX |
| B: Create Price File || B: INDEX || B: B |
| C: Edit Symbol File |+===========+| C: CP |
| D: Edit Price File | | D: PDG |
| E: A/D Menu | +=========+
+========================+
Figure 2.8 - Editing Price Files
You now have a choice of which price files you wish to update.
If you choose the IBM price file then the screen will be altered
in the following manner.
Date: 87/0327 Fri Dec 14 1990 21:14:37
Symbol Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1 IBM NYSE 87/0327 1777000 154.13 150.50 150.75
2 87/0328 3220900 152.75 145.88 152.38
3 87/0329 2634800 153.75 149.50 150.13
4 87/0401 2650500 152.00 149.00 151.13
5 87/0402 2398700 151.38 147.50 148.00
6 87/0403 3281500 150.75 145.63 149.50
7 87/0404 1773300 150.38 148.88 149.38
8 87/0408 2090300 150.13 146.50 146.50
9 87/0409 1694200 148.25 146.13 147.63
10 87/0410 2201600 147.50 143.50 144.00
11 87/0411 2319400 145.63 142.63 145.00
12 87/0412 3301800 150.25 146.75 147.63
13 87/0415 4176200 150.88 146.50 148.13
14 87/0416 3046300 151.88 149.00 150.88
15 87/0417 1813300 150.63 148.75 150.00
16 87/0418 2692700 158.00 148.50 157.00
17 87/0419 3012000 157.00 153.88 154.25
18 87/0422 2384400 156.50 153.13 154.25
19 87/0423 1804700 154.13 151.50 151.75
20 87/0424 3308900 156.00 149.50 154.25
Esc = Quit F2 = Save
Figure 2.9 - Edit Spreadsheet
When you edit a price file the cursor keys are used to position
yourself on the spreadsheet.
PC Chart Documentation Page 21 of 77
Table 2.1 - Cursor Control Keys
Key Function
Home First 20 records of the price file is displayed.
End Last 20 records of the price file is displayed.
CTRL Positions cursor on first record on the screen.
Home
CTRL Positions cursor on last record on the screen.
End
PgUp Displays next 20 records of the price file.
PgDn Displays last 20 records of the price file.
Up Shifts cursor up one line.
Arrow
Down Shifts cursor down one line.
Arrow
Left Shifts cursor left one position.
Arrow
Right Shifts cursor right one position.
Arrow
F2 Saves File.
F3 Allows user to enter new price information.
F4 Allows user to delete price information.
Alt R Used to change corporate/commodity and exchange name.
Alt S Used to adjust price when a corporation splits their
shares, or when a merger occurs and a new entity appears.
Alt G Go to any record in file. The record that you go to is
placed on the top of the spreadsheet.
To correct erroneous entries simply type in the correct number
and press Enter to place the number into memory. When you are
satisfied, Press F2 to save the file. Press Esc to quit the file
without saving it.
PC Chart Documentation Page 22 of 77
2.4 Advance/Decline File Maintenance
The Advance/Decline file menu is hidden behind the file menu.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================+
| A: Update Prices |
| B: Create Price File |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit Price File |
| E: A/D MENU |
+========================+
Figure 2.10 - A/D File Menu
Choose the A/D Menu.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================+
| A/D Menu |
+========================+
| A: UPDATE A/D |
| B: Create A/D File |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit A/D File |
+========================+
Figure 2.11 - A/D Menu
We will now talk about each item on the A/D Menu.
2.4.1 Update A/D
The Update A/D item on the file menu is used to update daily
Advance Decline information on stocks listed on various stock
exchanges. Choose this option and you will get the following
spreadsheet.
PC Chart Documentation Page 23 of 77
Date: 90/0529 Wed May 30 1990 16:34:18
Symbol Exchange Date Volume Delta
1 NYSEAD NYSE
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Esc = Quit F2 = Save
Figure 2.12 - Initial Spreadsheet
When you update Advance Decline information from daily papers the
information usually is separated from the rest of the stock
quotations. The terms used in Advance Decline on the next page.
PC Chart Documentation Page 24 of 77
Table 2.2 - Explanation of Terms used in A/D
Term Explanation
Volume Refers to number of shares traded on that exchange on
that particular day.
Delta The number of advances minus declines on that particular
stock exchange.
Data entry is similar to Updating Price Files, refer to section
2.2 if you have any trouble with entering Advance Decline
information. The following example shows entries entered on May
11, 1990 for the NYSE exchange.
Date: 90/0510 Wed May 11 1990
16:34:18
Symbol Exchange Date Volume Delta
1 NYSEAD NYSE 90/0510 158460000 246
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Esc = Quit F2 = Save
Figure 2.13 - Entering Advance Decline Information
PC Chart Documentation Page 25 of 77
2.4.2 Create A/D File
The creation of Advance Decline files is a simple matter.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================+
| A/D Menu |
+========================+
| A: UPDATE A/D |
| B: Create A/D File |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit A/D File |
+========================+
Figure 2.14 - A/D Menu
Choose "Create A/D File", this will get you the following screen.
Path: Tue May 31 1988 21:51:30
Symbol Exchange Date Volume Delta
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
F2 = Save F3 = Ins F4 = Del
Figure 2.15 - Create A/D File Data Entry Screen
The following steps are necessary to create a A/D file.
1. Prepare historical price information from newspapers.
PC Chart Documentation Page 26 of 77
2. Type in PATH (disk drive and directory). An example of
a path is C:, which will create a file in the current
directory of the C drive. The maximum length of the
PATH is 30 characters.
3. Enter the full name of the A/D File. The maximum length
of the name is 20 characters.
4. Type the stock symbol for the A/D file.
5. Enter the correct abbreviation for the commodity or
stock exchange.
American Stock Exchange - AMEX
NASDAQ - NASDAQ
New York Stock Exchange - NYSE
Chicago Board of Trade - CBT
Chicago Mercantile Exc. - CME
Chicago Board Options - CBO
6. Manually update the price file. The correct format for
the date is year, month, and day.
YY/MMDD - Last two digits of Year, Month, and Day.
Note that the "/" must be inserted between the year and
month.
Volume refers to the total number of shares traded on
the exchange.
Delta = Number of Advances - Number of Declines.
7. Inspect and edit all entries, then when you are
satisfied that there is no errors, save the file by
pressing the F2 function key.
2.4.3 Edit Symbol Files
Refer to Section 2.1 of this Chapter.
2.4.4 Edit A/D File
The Edit A/D File item on the A/D menu is used to edit all the
information in a price file.
PC Chart Documentation Page 27 of 77
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis FILE Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+========================+
| A/D Menu |
+========================+
| A: UPDATE A/D |
| B: Create A/D File |
| C: Edit Symbol File |
| D: Edit A/D File |
+========================+
Figure 2.16 - A/D Menu
You now a choice of which price files you wish to update. If you
choose the NYSEAD A/D file then the screen will be altered in
the following manner.
Date: 87/1130 Wed Jun 01 1990 21:14:37
Symbol Exchange Date Volume Delta
1 NYSEAD TSE 87/1130 30624600 -1071.00
2 87/1201 18205400 -500.00
3 87/1202 16278500 -55.00
4 87/1203 23437700 -1.0000
5 87/1204 23590100 -1016.00
6 87/1207 16277000 -1045.00
7 87/1208 20623100 -1050.00
8 87/1209 25846000 677.00
9 87/1210 26521800 520.00
10 87/1211 17748700 -573.00
11 87/1214 24840900 180.00
12 87/1215 28389900 896.00
13 87/1216 28389900 284.00
14 87/1217 23568600 248.00
15 87/1218 40312400 -316.00
16 87/1221 21677400 903.00
17 87/1222 20632900 213.00
18 87/1223 22834700 -282.00
19 87/1224 8080500 698.00
20 87/1228 13866700 59.00
Alt G=Goto Alt R=Rename Esc=Quit F2=Save F3=Insert F4=Delete
Figure 2.17 - Edit Spreadsheet
When you edit an A/D file the cursor keys are used to position
yourself on the spreadsheet.
PC Chart Documentation Page 28 of 77
Table 2.3 - Cursor Control Keys for A/D
Key Function
Home First 20 records of A/D file is displayed.
End Last 20 records of A/D file is displayed. When the
number of records in the file is not an even multiple of
20, then less than 20 records will be displayed.
CTRL Positions cursor on first record of the ones displayed.
Home
CTRL Positions cursor on last record of the ones displayed.
End
PgUp Displays next 20 records of the A/D file.
PgDn Displays last 20 records of the A/D file.
Up Moves cursor up one line.
Arrow
Down Moves cursor down one line.
Arrow
Left Moves cursor left one position.
Arrow
Right Moves cursor right one position.
Arrow
To correct erroneous entries simply type in the correct number
and press Enter to place the number into memory. When you are
satisified, Press F2 to save the price file onto disk. Press Esc
to quit the file without saving it.
2.5 Data Verification
It is recommended that you verify the accuracy of the data
entered. One recommended method is to visually scan the
Price/Volume charts of each of the commodities and stocks that
you follow as least once weekly. Truly outrageous values can be
seen by looking at the last five days of the chart. Set the
period on the Stochastics analysis technique to one day, then
scan these charts. Values for K above 100 or below 0 means the
close price is beyond the high-low range of the day. Edit any
erroneous records, and visually check the chart again.
Your price database takes a considerable amount of time and money
to update and maintain. Hard and floppy disks can be damaged by
head crashes, power spikes, mishandling, etc. BACKUP your
information at least once a week.
PC Chart Documentation Page 29 of 77
Part 3
Analysis
This part of the manual explains how you can use the Analysis
section of this program to determine the best price levels in
which to purchase and sell stocks and commodities. This chapter
tells you how to interpret and use the technical indicators in
the PC Chart program. This program is a toolbox of the most
useful trading techniques. Technical analysis is an evolving
field. Proprietary techniques have been kept to a minimum in
this version.
Unfortunately, we are unable to include a graphical
representation of the charts contained in the typeset,
spiral-bound user manual in this ASCII file. Use PC Chart and
the data files to generate your own charts on your monitor.
PC Chart Documentation Page 30 of 77
Chapter 3
Analysis
3 Technical Analysis 32
3.1 Price/Volume 33
3.2 Relative Strength Index 35
3.3 Moving Averages 36
3.4 Parabolic System 38
3.5 Logarthmic Plot 41
3.6 Point & Figure 42
3.7 Stochastics 43
3.8 Weekly Charts 43
3.9 Monthly Charts 44
3.10 Money Flow 45
3.11 Parameters 46
3.12 Advance/Decline Indicators 47
PC Chart Documentation Page 31 of 77
3 Technical Analysis
Can prices be forecasted on the basis of past history? The basis
of technical analysis is that the value of a stock or commodity
is primarily dependent on supply and demand. A technical analyst
will adamantly argue that price fluctuations are not random.
The understanding of price movement is the basis of all
profitable trading. Price movements either trend or consolidate.
Why do stocks trend up or down? One explanation is that prices
seek out a new level after an event occurs to a stock or
commodity to drive it either up or down. Major long term trends
in the stock market are very likely influenced by business
cycles. Consolidation occurs when prices show no significant
movement either up or down.
The problem of the purchase of stock or commodities can be
approached in either of two ways. One way is to pose the problem
as: "Should I buy ABC?". The other is to pose the problem as:
"When shall I buy ABC".
The financial analyst takes the statistical approach. Analysis
of financial statements, management, earnings, dividends,
comparsion of this company with the others in its industry, and
economic forecasts of the entire industry group are some of the
tasks that the analyst undertakes when appraising each company.
The technical analyst concerns himself with supply and demand,
accumulation and distribution. Practically all stocks have
substantial moves at one time or another. No stock goes up in
price of its own accord. Before a stock goes up its goes through
a period of accumulation by "insiders", it is passing from "weak
hands" into "strong hands" until demand is greater than supply
and the upward move is on its way. Before a stock drops in
price, it goes through a period of distribution by the same
"insiders". It is passed from "strong hands" into "weak hands".
When support is withdrawn, supply overcomes demand and the
panicky downward move is on. The technical analyst is concerned
with the right to buy and the right to sell short. He attempts
to determine the moment when either supply or demand has taken
control of the situation.
When should a stock be bought? The broad answer to this question
is that a stock should be bought only when (1) the general market
is in an uptrend, (2) the industry group of which it is a member
is in an uptrend, and (3) the stock itself is in an uptrend.
Uptrend as used herein, refers to price - the price of a market
average, the price of index, the price of a stock. It does not
refer to earnings, cash flow, growth; such factors may answer the
question what to buy but never the question when to buy. When
should a stock be sold short?
PC Chart Documentation Page 32 of 77
The broad answer to this question is that a stock should be
bought only when (1) the general market is in a downtrend, (2)
the industry group of which it is a member is in a downtrend, and
(3) the stock itself is in a downtrend. The trader or investor
who does not like the short side of the market should at least be
out of stocks or commodities in such a situation.
Daily, weekly, and monthly charts are available in this package.
The short term view is represented by daily charts, while
intermediate and long term price movements are represented by
weekly and monthly charts.
3.1 Price/Volume
If your computer is readily available, start PC Chart and
experiment with the Analysis section of the program. The
following list of actions will get you a Price/Volume Chart.
1. Choose the Analysis item on the main menu.
2. List the contents of the DOW30 symbol file.
3. Select the IBM price file.
4. Choose Price/Volume.
Bar Charts have a measurement scale on both the horizontal and
vertical axes. The vertical axis represents price, while each
point on the horizontal axis represents a day. The top and
bottom of the vertical bar are the high and low price of the day.
A horizontal line is drawn to represent the close. The bottom of
the chart contains the volume bars.
PC Chart can store up to 1000 days in each file. Computer
systems which use a CGA, EGA, or VGA video card can display up to
115 days, a Hercules Graphics Adapter will display 125 days. All
analysis screens show the latest 115 or 125 days as the default.
Each screen can thought of as a graphical window, showing only
part of the total available data. Screen attributes and
positioning can be changed using the function keys.
Table 3.1 - Screen Control Keys
Key Function
F5 Scrolls the window backward one screen. This key
can be used to view past historical information.
F6 Scrolls the graphical window forward one screen.
F7 Positions the screen to the first set of price
information.
F8 Positions the screen to the last set of price
information.
PC Chart Documentation Page 33 of 77
F9 Toggles between local and global scaling. The default
setting is set to local. The price axis is scaled
according to the high and low of the data examined. In
global scaling, the data set could include 1000 records,
local scaling would examine a maximum of 115 or 125 data
points.
F10 Toggles between placing the maximum number of data
points on the first screen or the last screen. The
number of data records will seldom be an even multiple of
either 115 or 125. The default setting is to maximize the
amount of information on the last screen, which contains
the most recent information. It is convenient to fill
the first screen and to set scaling to global when you
print the graphs on a printer.
The bottom line of the screen has the date, high, low, close, and
volume of IBM listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
The short vertical cursor between the bottom of the price axis
and the top of the volume axis is controlled by the cursor keys.
Notice that is placed at the most recent data record. By
changing the position of this cursor, information on a different
record will be printed on the last line of the screen. The
function of each of the cursor keys is displayed below.
Table 3.2 - Pick Control Keys
Key Function
Home Positions cursor on the first record of the screen.
End Positions cursor on the last record of the screen.
PgUp Moves cursor ten positions to the right.
PgDn Moves cursor ten positions to the left.
Up Used to increase the size of the pick, or used to draw
upper trend lines in the Logarthmic Plot study. Two
points must be chosen for a line to be drawn.
Down Used to decrease the size of the pick, or used to draw
lower trend lines in the Logarthmic Plot study. Two
points must be chosen for a line to be drawn.
Right Moves cursor one position to the right.
Arrow
Left Moves cursor one position to the left.
Arrow
PC Chart Documentation Page 34 of 77
? Used to add current price and volume information to
price file.
P or p To print out charts on your printer.
Daily bar charts are used to identify short term trends and
favorable chart patterns. Edwards and McGee's "Technical Analysis
of Stock Trends" is a classical reference book on interpreting
chart patterns. This book is recommended reading.
Chart patterns are subject to individual interpretation. To
become an successful trader in either stock or commodity markets,
one must understand mass psychology. At the peak of the bull
market, it is easy to get caught up in rampant euphoria. Extreme
optimism will cloud your interpretation of what each chart
pattern means. Chart interpretation is subjective, never use
this technique alone, use the other indicators in this package to
arrive at an objective decision.
3.2 Relative Strength Index
The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is one of the most widely used
technical indicators. The originator of the Relative Strength
Index is J. Welles Wilder Jr. who explains it fully in his book,
"New Concepts In Technical Trading Systems". This indicator is
highly effective in aiding a technical analyst in chart
interpretation. Some factors to consider when you using the
index are:
1. TOPS and BOTTOMS are indicated when the RSI goes above 70 or
drops below 30.
2. CHART FORMATIONS which often show up graphically on the RSI
may not be apparent on the bar chart.
3. FAILURE SWINGS above 70 or below 30 on the RSI are strong
indications of market reversals.
4. SUPPORT and RESISTANCE often show up clearly on the RSI
before becoming apparent on the bar chart.
5. DIVERGENCE between the RSI and price action on the chart is a
very strong indicator that a market turning point is
imminent.
The theoretical basis of Relative Strength Index is the momentum
concept. A momentum oscillator is used to measure the velocity or
rate of change of price over time.
Relative Strength is a momentum oscillator whose rate of change
is directly proportional to the velocity of the trend.
PC Chart Documentation Page 35 of 77
The Relative Strength Index Equation
RSI = 100 - 100
____
1+RS
RS = Average of L day's close UP
_____________________________
Average of L day's close DOWN
Where L is a variable which can be varied from 1 to 30.
The ideal setting for Relative Strength is exactly one half the
period of the cycle.
J. Welles Wilder has suggested levels of 70 and 30 to
respectively signify tops and bottoms. The index usually leads
the market and peaks before the actual top or bottom. Extreme
values such as 90 or 10, signify unusual strength or weakness.
RSI can be used as a early warning signal.
Classic chart formations will often show up on the Relative
Strength Index which is not obvious on a corresponding bar chart.
Heads and shoulders tops or bottoms, pennants or triangles to
indicate buy and sell points.
Failure swings which occurs above 70 or below 30 are very strong
indications of a market reversal. Support and resistance levels
often show up clearly on RSI before it can be seen on a bar
chart.
Divergence between what you see on the bar chart and the Relative
Strength Index often occurs at market turning points. Divergence
occurs when prices are flat or and RSI is increasing, or prices
are flat or increasing and price movement is either flat or
increasing.
3.3 Moving Averages
In this system, two moving averages are plotted on the daily
price bar chart. The bottom half ot the chart is simply a plot of
the difference between the closing price and the moving averages
divided by the closing price. The formulas for calculating moving
averages are as follows:
L - 1
Exponential moving Average = Sum Closing Price
_____________
K = 0 K
Beta - Beta
_____________
1 - Beta
PC Chart Documentation Page 36 of 77
If Beta = 1.00, then the average is a simple moving average.
Simple Moving Average = Sum of L day closing price
__________________________
L
Valid range for L = 1 to 200 (Default Setting = 20)
Beta = 0.0 to 1.0 (Default Setting = 1 and 0.75)
Moving averages is a highly flexible technique, which can be used
in a variety of different ways. One of the most reliable and
most readily available technical indicator is the 200 day moving
average of a security. Joseph E. Granville has listed eight basic
rules for using the 200 day moving average.
1. If the 200 day average line flattens out following a previous
decline, or is advancing, and the price of the stock penetrates
the average line on the upside, this comprises a major buying
signal.
2. If the price of the stock falls below the 200 day moving
price while the average line is still rising this is also
considered to be a buying opportunity.
3. If the stock price is above the 200 day line and is declining
toward that line, fails to go through and start to turn up
again, this is a buying signal.
4. If the stock price falls too fast under the declining 200 day
average line, it is entitled to an advance back toward the
average line and the stock can be bought for this short term
technical rise.
5. If the 200 day average line flattens out following a previous
rise, or is declining, and the price of the stock penetrates
that line on the downside, this comprises a major sell
signal.
6. If the price of the stock rises above the 200 day moving
average price line while the average line is still falling,
this also is considered to be a selling opportunity.
7. If the stock price is below the 200 day line and is advancing
toward that line, fails to go through and starts to turn down
again, this is a selling signal.
8. If the stock price advances too fast above the advancing 200
day average line, it is entitled to a reaction back toward
the average line and the stock can be sold for the short term
technical reaction.
PC Chart Documentation Page 37 of 77
Moving averages are calculated from historical price information.
In flat or consolidating markets, moving averages would closely
track the current prices. In trending markets, they can be used
in buy and sell decisions. A long-term trend indicator can be
obtained by comparing a short-term moving average with a
longer-term average. The trend is rising when the short term is
above the longer term, and vice-versa.
The default setting for Moving Averages is 20, 1.0, 20, 0.75 for
first length, first beta, second length, and second beta. These
parameters were first proposed by Dr. Soudack, at the University
of British Columbia. These parameters have been tested and found
to be highly reliable. The advantage of these parameters are
that you are using the same set of data for both the slow (simple
moving average) and the fast (exponential moving average). If the
exponential moving average is above the simple moving average
then the indicator is bullish. If the reverse is true, the
exponential moving average is below the simple moving average,
then the indicator is bearish.
The solid line on the bottom half of the chart is (1 - MA ).
1
---
Close
The dotted line on the bottom half of the chart is (1 - MA ).
2
---
Close
Moving average crossover points are easier to see on the bottom
chart.
3.4 Parabolic System
The Parabolic System is comprised of both the Parabolic
Time/Price System and the Directional Movement Index. The
Parabolic Time/Price System is charted on the top portion of the
screen while the Directional Movement Index is charted on the
bottom half of the screen.
The Parabolic Time/Price System derives its name from the fact
that when charted, the pattern formed by the stops resembles a
parabola. The stops are a function of price and time. The stop
never backs up. It moves only an incremental amount every day,
only in the direction in which the trade has been initiated.
ADX is the solid line plotted on the bottom half of the screen.
While the Up Arrow represents positive DI, and the Down Arrow
represents negative DI.
PC Chart Documentation Page 38 of 77
Table 3.3
Rules for Parabolic Time/Price System
Entry:
A position is entered when a price penetrates the SAR. Stop
and Reverse (SAR):
A. For the first day of entry, the SAR if the previous SIP
(Significant Point).
1. If entered Long the SIP is the lowest price reached
while in the previous Short trade.
2. If entered Short, the SIP is the highest price reached
while in the previous Long Trade.
B. For the second day and thereafter, the SAR is calculated as
follows:
1. If Long:
a. Find the difference between the highest price made
while in the trade and SAR for today. Multiply
the difference by the AF and add the result to the
SAR today to obtain the SAR for tomorrow.
b. Use 0.02 for the first AF and increase its value by
0.02 on every day a new high for the trade is made.
If a new high is not made, continue to use the AF
as last increased. DO NOT INCREASE THE AF ABOVE
0.20.
2. If Short:
a. Find the difference between the lowest price made
while in the trade and the SAR for today. Multiply
the difference by the AF and subtract the result
from the SAR today to obtain the SAR for tomorrow.
b. Use 0.02 for the AF and increase its value by .02 on
every day that a new low for the trade is made. If a
new low is not made, continue to use the AF as last
increased. DO NOT INCREASE THE AF ABOVE 0.20.
C. Never move the SAR into the previous day's range or today's
range.
1. If Long, never move the SAR for tomorrow above the
previous day's low or today's low. If the SAR is
calculated to be above the previous day's low or today's
low, then use the lower low between today and the
previous as the new SAR. Make the next day's calculation
based upon this SAR.
PC Chart Documentation Page 39 of 77
2. If Short, never move the SAR for tomorrow below the
previous day's high or today's high. If the SAR is
calculated to be below the previous day's high or today's
high, the use the higher high between today and the
previous day as the new SAR. Make the next day's
calculations based upon this SAR.
The Directional Movement Index is a method to rate directional
movement of any or all commodities or stocks on a scale from 0 to
100. Trending systems can be used when ADX is in the upper end of
the scale. The market can be avoided altogether, or systems which
capitalize on choppy or non-trending markets can be used. Trading
systems which capitalize on non-trending markets are not included
in PC Chart.
How do we define directional movement (DM)? DM is the largest
part of today's range that is outside of yesterday's range.
Formulas are listed below to calculate positive and negative DM.
1. +DM = Today's High - Yesterday's High (0 if negative)
2. -DM = Today's Low - Yesterday's Low (0 if positive)
Directional movement must be either up or down, it cannot be a
combination of both. The algorithm listed below is used to
determine the value of directional movement.
IF ( DM ABSOLUTE VALUE ( -DM ) )
DM = +DM
ELSE
IF ( DM = ABSOLUTE VALUE ( -DM ) )
DM = 0
ELSE
DM = ABSOLUTE VALUE ( -DM )
DM is normalized by calculating today's TRUE RANGE (TR). It is
the largest of the following:
1. The distance between today's high and today's low.
2. The distance between today's high and yesterday's close.
3. The distance between today's low and yesterday's close.
TR is always greater or equal to zero. The Directional
Indicator (DI) is calculated by dividing DM by TR.
DI = DM -DI = -DM
__ ___
TR TR
To make DI a usable tool we must obtain a sum of DI's over a
period of time. This period is user adjustable by going into the
Parameter item of the Analysis menu and changing the value for
DMS. The default setting is 14.
PC Chart Documentation Page 40 of 77
To make DI an usable tool we must obtain a sum of DI's over a
period of time. The default value is fourteen days. We then
calculate the difference between positive DI and negative DI (DI
DIFF), then positive DI and negative DI to get (DI SUM). DX
is calculated by dividing DI DIFF by DI SUM. ADX is the average
of the last fourteen (default) days of DX.
DI DIFF = DI - (-DI)
DI SUM = DI + (-DI)
DX = DI DIFF
_______
DI SUM
DMS
ADX = SUM DX
J = 1
ADX is the solid line plotted on the bottom half of the screen.
While the Up Arrow represents positive DI, and the Down Arrow
represents negative DI (averaged over fourteen days).
DI, -DI, and ADX are between 0 and 100. The value of DI
represents in percentage terms how much of the movement is
upwards, conversely -DI expresses how much of the movement is
downwards. DI and -DI can be can be used as a trending system,
you go Long when DI crosses -DI on its way upwards and Short when
-DI crosses DI on its way downward. The equilibrium point is
reach when DI and -DI are equal.
ADX is a measurement of how good the up and down measurement in
excess of the equilibrium point. Large values of ADX represent a
situation where a trending system can be used. As a rule of
thumb the value of ADXR can be calculated as follows.
ADXR = (ADX(present) + ADX(present - DMS days)) / 2
ADXR is computed by summing the current ADX with the ADX of
fourteen days ago (default) and dividing by two. When ADXR is
above 25 a trend-following system can be used, values of ADXR
below 25 mean the market is trading sideways and a trading system
designed for such movement should be used. DMS can be varied from
1 to 15.
3.5 Logarithmic Plot
In this system price and volume is plotted in a logarthmic scale.
Upper and lower trend lines are better represented in a log plot
because equal percentage changes in price are represented by the
same distance on the screen. The up arrow key is used to choose
the end points of the upper trend line, while the down arrow key
PC Chart Documentation Page 41 of 77
plays a similar role in the lower trend lines. Two points are
needed to define a line. The high price of each day is used to
define upper trend lines, while the low price of each day is used
in lower trend lines.
The upper and lower trend lines are used to define a channel in
which prices are expected to stay. As you can see prices are
trending downward. The theory behind a trend channel is that
prices are expected to stay within the boundaries of the channel.
When prices break above a downward slanting channel then the
stock has broken out of the downward trend.
An indefinite number of trend lines can be drawn on the
Logarithmic Plot. Feel free to experiment with drawing numerous
trend channels.
3.6 Point & Figure
The basic premise of Point & Figure Charting and trading is that
the Law of Supply and Demand, and nothing else, governs the price
of a stock. When demand exceeds Supply, the price of a stock goes
up; when Supply exceeds Demand, the price of a stock goes down.
When Supply and Demand are contesting for supremacy, the price of
a stock moves sideways.
Every Point and Figure chart, consists of the following elements:
(1) a vertical column of X's going straight up (Demand has
overcome Supply); (2) a vertical column of 0's going straight
down (Supply has over Demand); and (3) an interruption in these
vertical columns by short alternating column of X's and O's
(Supply and Demand are contesting for supremacy). The Point and
Figure chart is therefore, a pictorial record of the contest
between the forces of Supply and Demand.
The two basic formations consist of three vertical columns. It
is impossible to have a chart pattern that consists of less than
three columns. All other chart patterns are derivations from and
combinations of these two basic patterns. According to A. W.
Cohen the Double Top formation is profitable 80.3% of the time it
occurs for an average gain of 38.7%, the average time for the
gain is 11.5 months. The Double Bottom formation is profitable
82.1% of the time for an average gain of 22.7%, the average time
for the gain is 4.7 months.
X - Breakout
X X
X O X
X O X
X O
X
Figure 3.1 - Double Top
PC Chart Documentation Page 42 of 77
O
O X
O X O
O X O
O X O
O - Breakout
Figure 3.2 - Double Bottom
The Double Top formation signifies a buy when a breakout occurs.
conversely in the Double Bottom formation a breakout is a sell
signal.
3.7 Stochastics
Stochastics is a system devised by George C. Lane. The formula to
calculate stochastics is very simple.
%K = Current Close Price - Low Price of Period * 100
_________________________________________
High Price of Period - Low Price of Period
%D = 3 Day Simple Moving Average of %K
Stochastics is essentially a momentum indicator which indicates
overbought and oversold conditions. The number calculated is
between 0 and 100. Stochastics can be used as both a trending
system or as a overbought/oversold oscillator when prices are
consolidating. The time period can be varied from 1 to 200 days.
As in all the indicators the current date is the reference point
of any period. For example, if stochastics is set to 1 then only
the current date is included in the period. The validity of the
close prices of a stock or commodity can be checked by setting
the period of stochastics to 1. If the graph of stochastics
varies outside the valid range of 0 and 100 then the close value
on that particular date is invalid, since the close cannot be
lower than the low or higher than the high. Low values of
stochastics means that the price is trending downward, while high
values mean the price are trending upward. The default value of
stochastics is 14 days.
Stochastics is designed to show when prices are relatively high
or low. This Indicator is used to help you buy low, sell high or
vice-versa. The proper use of stochastics also requires that
there be divergence between %D and price in order to generate a
buy signal.
3.8 Weekly Chart
Weekly charts are used to compress years of daily price/volume
information into one chart. Medium term price movements are
easily seen on this chart.
PC Chart Documentation Page 43 of 77
According to Frost and Prechter in the book "Elliot Wave Theory"
the best way to follow Elliot waves is to keep a hourly chart.
However, Elliot waves occur in daily, weekly, and monthly charts.
This theory only is applicable on widely traded commodities or
stocks. The Dow 30 Industrial Index is a stock index comprising
of thirty representative companies on the New York Stock Exchange.
Weekly charts combined with the Elliot Wave Theory can be used
to forecast major turning points.
Stock prices are volatile, the Elliot Wave Theory can be used to
predict precise turning points in both price and time.
1. The week ended September 20, 1985 had a low of 1283.71,
which was the low of the first wave. The top of 1922.67
in the first wave occurred on July 3, 1986.
2. The bottom of 1733.35 in the second wave occurred on
September 12, 1986.
3. The third wave topped out at 2428.41 in the week of April
10, 1987.
Let's do some simple calculations and make some predictions.
L = Top of 1st wave - Bottom of 1st wave
L = 1922.67 - 1283.71 = 638.96
5th wave top = 1.618 * L + bottom of 2nd wave (bottom of range)
5th wave top = 1.618 * L + top of 3rd wave (top of range)
5th wave top = 1.618 * 638.96 + 1733.35 = 2767.18
= 1.618 * 638.96 + 2428.41 = 3462.47
Range for prediction for 5th wave top = 2767.18 - 3462.47
The actual 5th wave top was 2746.65 in the week of August 28,
1987.
WARNING: ELLIOT WAVE THEORY IS APPLICABLE ONLY FOR WIDELY TRADED
COMMODITIES OR SECURITIES. IT DESCRIBES THE EFFECT OF MASS
PSYCHOLOGY ON MARKETS.
In actual practice, Elliot Waves are very difficult to identify.
There are a number of variations to the basic movement, including
regular and irregular corrective patterns, triangles, extensions,
channels and "failures". A great deal of subjective interpretation
is necessary.
3.9 Monthly Chart
Long-term investors can determine long-term trends using Monthly
Charts. Short and medium-term trends are obscured on a Monthly
Chart. Long term trends are readily visible in these types of
charts.
PC Chart Documentation Page 44 of 77
3.10 Money Flow
Money Flow is a proprietary indicator devised by the author. All
the current technical indicators that we are aware of rely on
either price or volume changes. Dr. Soudack at the University
of British Columbia pointed out that certain indicators such as
the Relative Strength Index, devised by J. Welles Wilder place
equal weight on the same difference in closing prices regardless
of the number of contracts or shares traded.
We have written an article on the Money Flow Index. which was
published in the March 1989 issue of Technical Analysis of Stocks
& Commodities. Money Flow has been incorporated in the following
products:
1. U.S. Trading Champion's Neural Net Software trained on
the S&P 500 written by Karl R. Bergerson, US Trading
Championships 1988-1990: 1st place, options division
1988, 3rd Place 1989, 5th place 1990, Seattle,
Washington.
2. PBS, Byte Research & Trading, Riverhead, NY.
3. AIQ StockExpert, AIQ Systems, Incline Village, NV.
4. LiveWire, Cablesoft, Lenexa, KS.
Money Flow is a measure of the strength of capital entering and
leaving the market. When the today's average price is greater
than yesterday's average price then it is an up day for money
flow.
Average Price = (High + Low + Close)
____________________
3.0
A time period is chosen and positive and negative money flow is
calculated for this period.
Positive Money Flow = Sum of Positive Money Flow for Time Period
Negative Money Flow = Sum of Negative Money Flow for Time Period
The default time period is 14 days. The ratio of positive money
flow is divided by negative money flow and normalized to range
from 0 to 100.
Money Flow = 100 - 100
_______________
1 + Money Ratio
Money Ratio = Positive Money Flow
___________________
Negative Money Flow
PC Chart Documentation Page 45 of 77
This ratio can be used in a similar fashion as Relative Strength
Index.
1. Tops and Bottoms are indicated when Money Flow goes above 80
or drops below 20.
2. Failure Swings above 80 or below 20 on the Money Flow Index
are strong indications of market reversals.
3. Divergence between Money Flow and price action on the chart
is a very strong indicator that a market turning point is
imminent.
3.11 Parameters
The analysis parameters appear below.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
ANALYSIS File Modem Setup Exit
======================================================================
+===========++==========++=======================++============+
| A: NYSE || A: ABX || A: Price/Volume || AD = AD |
| B: INDEX || B: B || B: Relative Strength || RSI = 14 |
| C: AD || C: CP || C: Moving Averages || L1 = 20 |
+===========+| D: PDG || D: Parabolic System || L2 = 20 |
+==========|| E: Logarthmic Plot || B1 = 1.00 | | F: Point & Figure || B2 = 0.75 |
| G: Stochastics || DMS = 14 |
| H: Weekly Chart || STO = 14 |
| I: Monthly Chart || $ = 14 |
| K: Money Flow |+============+
| L: PARAMETERS |
+=======================+
Figure 3.3 - Change Parameters
Table 3.4 - Description of Parameters
Term Meaning
AD Specifies name of symbol file which contains the Advance
Decline data files. These files have a special extension
".DEL".
RSI The number of days for the RSI calculation can be
specified. The valid range is between 1 to 30 days. The
ideal setting for RSI is the one half of the period of
the price cycle. Fourteen days is a good starting point.
L1 The number of days for the first moving average can be
specified. The valid range is between 1 to 200 days. The
default setting is 20.
PC Chart Documentation Page 46 of 77
L2 The number of days for the second moving average can be
specified. The valid range is between 1 to 200 days.
The default setting is 20.
B1 Beta for the first moving average can be modified to
range from 0.0 to 1.0. A simple moving average can be
constructed by setting Beta to 1.0.
B2 Beta for the second moving average can be modified to
range from 0.0 to 1.0. A simple moving can be be
constructed by setting Beta to 1.0.
DMS The number of days used in the Directional Movement
System can be varied from 1 to 15 days.
STO The number of days used in Stochastics can be varied
from 1 to 200 days.
$ Refers to the number of days used in the Money Flow
Indicator. (1 - 30)
The cursor and number keys are used to vary the parameters used
in the technical trading systems.
3.12 Advance/Decline Indicators
The Advance Decline indicators are used to determine the overall
trend of the entire market. The Advance Decline Line is simply a
plot of delta, which is simply advances minus declines. Two
moving averages of delta are plotted in comparsion with delta.
The default setting for these Moving Averages are 30 days, 1.0,
30 days, 0.9. In the first Advance Decline Indicator the total
volume of the exchange is plotted on the bottom half of the
chart. In the second indicator, the moving averages are
plotted on an enlarged scale.
Advance Decline is used to predict the overall trend of the
market. It work in a similar fashion as Moving Averages. When
the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) crosses the Simple Moving
Averages (SMA) in a upward direction, this is a buy signal. When
the EMA crosses the SMA in a downward direction then this is a
sell signal. Crossover points are clearly defined on the bottom
half of the chart.
PC Chart Documentation Page 47 of 77
Part 4
Setup
This part of the manual explains how to configure program
parameters for your computer system. The screen colors, drive,
communication parameters and printer drivers can be set up for
your system. The default disk drive can be changed using this
options. Five types of monitors are supported with this program:
Composite video, RGB Color, TTL monochrome, EGA, and VGA monitors
are supported. The communication parameters must be specified to
successfully communicate with All-Quotes, Dial/Data, or GEnie.
PC Chart Documentation Page 48 of 77
Chapter 4
Setup
4 Purpose of Setup 50
4.1 Colors 50
4.2 Drive 50
4.3 Format 51
4.4 All-Quotes 52
4.5 Dial/Data 53
4.6 GEnie 54
4.7 Printer 55
PC Chart Documentation Page 49 of 77
4 Purpose of Setup
The default setting for screen colors, drive, communication
parameters, and printer drivers can be changed to set up the
program for your computer system. One version of PC Chart will
work with CGA/HGC video cards. While the other will work with
EGA/VGA video cards.
The default disk drive and directory can be changed so that the
program looks in a different directory for data files. The
password sequences assigned to you by All-Quotes, Dial/Data, and
GEnie must be entered to successfully download stock quotations.
4.1 Colors
The default screen colors when PC Chart is shipped is Black &
White. On RGB, EGA, or VGA Color Displays the color on the text
screen can be changed. To prevent illegible screens, the text
colors cannot be changed on TTL monochrome screens driven by
Hercules cards.
In the EGA/VGA version there is an additional menu item (Graph
C.) which is used to change the color of the charts.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1988 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
======================================================================
+=================++=============+
| A: TEXT C. || A: B&W |
| B: Drive || B: Color 1 |
| C: Format || C: Color 2 |
| D: All-Quotes |+=============+
| E: Dial/Data |
| F: GEnie |
| G: Printer |
+=================+
Figure 4.1 - Colors Menu
4.2 Drive
When PC Chart is started it looks for two system files. The
name of these two files are "CONFIG.CHT" and "SYM.FIL". It looks
for the two system files in the default directory, which is the
current directory. The two system files contain all the program
parameters. For example in a floppy based system the default
path name will be B:, while in a hard disk based system it will
be current directory.
PC Chart Documentation Page 50 of 77
One of the program parameters is the default path name, this path
name is used by PC Chart to determine where to look for necessary
data files. Symbol files are differentiated by the extension
".SYM". These files are essential for the proper operation of the
program since they are used to build the menus.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
======================================================================
+=================++==========================+
| A: Text C. ||C: |
| B: Drive |+==========================+
| C: Format |
| D: All-Quotes |
| E: Dial/Data |
| F: GEnie |
| G: Printer |
+=================+
Figure 4.2 - Drive Menu
4.3 Format
PC Chart can read and write its own proprietary files and ASCII
(text) files, it can also read CSI data files. Examples of
each data file type is included with PC Chart. You are welcome
to experiment with changing the data format.
It is recommended that you stick with the PC Chart data format.
The majority of PC Chart is written in "C" , and the program will
read and write to its own proprietary format quicker because all
of the price and volume information is saved in "C" floating point
notation.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
======================================================================
+================++==============+
| A: Text C. || A: PC Chart |
| B: Drive || B: ASCII |
| C: FORMAT || C: CSI |
| D: All-Quotes |+==============+
| E: Dial/Data |
| F: GEnie |
| G: Printer |
+================+
Figure 4.3 - Data Format Menu
PC Chart Documentation Page 51 of 77
4.4 All-Quotes
The All-Quotes menu is used to change the communication
parameters used by the program to communicate with All-Quotes.
These parameters are explained in Table 4.1
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
======================================================================
+================++===========================+
| A: Text || Port # = 2 |
| B: Drive || P or T = T |
| C: Format || Phone # = |
| D: All-Quotes || Password = |
| E: Dial/Data || Baud Rate = 2400 |
| F: GEnie |+===========================+
| G: Printer |
+================+
Figure 4.4 - All-Quotes Menu
The modem parameters are explained in the table below.
Table 4.1 - All-Quotes Parameters
Description Explanation
Port # Communication port to be used (either 1, 2, 3, or 4).
P or T The two types of phone service are called Pulse
or Tone.
Phone # The phone number of the nearest All-Quotes access
number.
Password Password issued by All-Quotes for your usage.
Baud Rate Set at 1200 or 2400 baud.
PC Chart Documentation Page 52 of 77
4.5 Dial/Data
The Dial/Data menu is used to change the communication parameters
used by the program to communicate with Dial/Data. These
parameters are explained in Table 4.2
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
=======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
=======================================================================
+================++===========================+
| A: Text || Port # = 2 |
| B: Drive || P or T = T |
| C: Format || Phone # = |
| D: All-Quotes || Usercode = |
| E: Dial/Data || Password = |
| F: GEnie || Chargecode = |
| G: Printer || Baud Rate = |
+================++===========================+
Figure 4.5 - Dial/Data Menu
The modem parameters are explained in the table below.
Table 4.2 - Dial/Data Parameters
Description Explanation
Port # Communication port to be used (either 1, 2, 3, or 4).
P or T The two types of phone service are called Pulse
or Tone.
Phone # The phone number of the nearest 1200 or 2400 baud
Sprintnet number.
Usercode The user code is issued by Dial/Data to identify
each user account.
Password Password issued by Dial/Data for your usage,
allows you access to daily and historical
stock quotations.
Chargecode Usually the initials of the particular user.
Baud Rate Set at 1200 or 2400 baud.
PC Chart Documentation Page 53 of 77
4.6 GEnie
The GEnie menu is used to change the communication parameters
used by the program to communicate with GEnie. These parameters
are explained in Table 4.3
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
=======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
=======================================================================
+================++===========================+
| A: Text || Port # = 2 |
| B: Drive || P or T = T |
| C: Format || Phone # = |
| D: All-Quotes || Userid = |
| E: Dial/Data || Password = |
| F: GEnie || Baud Rate = 2400 |
| G: Printer |+===========================+
+================+
Figure 4.6 - GEnie Menu
The modem parameters are explained in the table below.
Table 4.3 - GEnie Parameters
Description Explanation
Port # Communication port to be used (either 1, 2, 3, or 4).
P or T The two types of phone service are called Pulse
or Tone.
Phone # The phone number of the nearest GEnie number.
Password Password issued by GEnie for your usage, allows
you access to daily stock quotations.
Baud Rate Set at 1200 or 2400 baud.
PC Chart Documentation Page 54 of 77
To successfully communicate with All-Quotes, Dial/Data, or GEnie
answer these questions.
1. What communication port is the modem connected to?
2. What type of phone connection do you have, Pulse or
Tone?
3. What is the phone number of the nearest Sprintnet
network connection?
4. What is the appropriate password?
Answer the above questions then change the appropriate
communication parameters.
4.7 Printer
The Printer menu is used to choose the appropriate printer
driver.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File Modem SETUP Exit
======================================================================
+================++==============+
| A: Text C. || A: EPSON-FX |
| B: Drive || B: EPSON-LQ |
| C: Format || C: IBM-PRO |
| D: Dial/Data || D: HP-LASER |
| E: Printer |+==============+
+================+
Figure 4.5 - Printer Menu
Table 4.2 - Dot Matrix Compatible Printers
Desc. Epson-FX Epson-LQ IBM-Pro
AEG Oly. NP80-24 ok ok
AEG Oly. NP136-24 ok ok
AEG Oly. NP80-24E ok ok
AEG Oly. NP80SE ok ok
AEG Oly. NP136SE ok ok
AEG Oly. NPC136-24 ok ok
Alps ASP1600 ok
Alps Allegro 500 ok
Alps Allegro 500XT ok
Amstrad DMP 3000 ok ok
Amstrad DMP 3500 ok ok ok
AMT Accel-500 ok ok ok
AT&T 570 ok ok
PC Chart Documentation Page 55 of 77
Table 4.2 - Continued...
Desc. Epson-FX Epson-LQ IBM-Pro
AT&T 583 ok ok
Axionix LiteWrite ok ok
Blue Chip M200/NLQ ok ok
Brother M-1809 ok ok
Brother M-1824L ok ok
Brother M-1909 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/22 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/23 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/24 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/40 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/43 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/54 ok ok
Bull Compu 4/68 ok
CIE CI-5000 ok ok
Citizen GSX-140 ok ok
Citizen HSP-500 ok ok
Citizen HSP-550 ok ok
Citizen 200GX ok ok
Citizen GSX-140 ok ok
C.Itoh 5000 ok ok
C.Itoh C-610 ok ok
C-Tech Pro C-240 ok ok
C-Tech Pro C-245 ok ok
C-Tech Pro C-515 ok ok
C-Tech Pro C-610 ok ok
C-Tech Pro C-610C ok ok
C-Tech C-645 ok ok
Dataproducts 9030 ok ok
Dataproducts 9044 ok
Dec LA70 ok
DEC LA 75 ok
DEC LA 324 ok
Epson DFX-8000 ok ok
Epson FX-80 ok
Epson FX-1050 ok
Epson JX-80 ok
Epson LX-80 ok
Epson MX-80 ok
Epson RX-80 ok
Epson LQ-510 ok
Epson LX-810 ok
Epson LQ-850 ok
Epson LQ-860 ok
Epson LQ-1010 ok
Epson LQ-1050 ok
Epson LQ-2550 ok
Facit B1200 ok ok
Facit B2400 ok ok
PC Chart Documentation Page 56 of 77
Table 4.2 - Continued...
Desc. Epson-FX Epson-LQ IBM-Pro
Facit B3450 ok ok
Facit B3450 ok ok
Fortis DM2210 ok ok
Fortis DM2215 ok ok
Fortis DM3215 ok ok
Fortis DQ4110 ok ok ok
Fortis DQ4210 ok ok ok
Fortis DQ4215 ok ok
Fujitsu DL4400 ok ok
Fujitsu DL4600 ok ok
Genicom 1040 ok ok
Genicom 3410 ok
Genicom 3820 ok ok
Genicom 3840 ok ok
Hyundai HDP-910 ok
Hyundai HDP-920 ok
Hyundai HDP-1810 ok
Hyundai HDP-1820 ok
IBM Proprinter X24E ok
IBM Proprinter XL24E ok
Laser 190E ok
Laser 240 ok ok
Mann. Tally 81 ok ok
Mann. Tally 130/9 ok ok
Mann. Tally 131/9 ok ok
Mann. Tally 130/24 ok ok
Mann. Tally 131/24 ok ok
NCR 6417-0101 ok ok
NCR 6421-0201 ok ok
NEC Pinwriter P2200XE ok
NEC Pin P6200 ok
NEC Pin P6300 ok
NEC P7 ok
Okidata 380 ok
Okidata 390 ok ok
Okidata 391 ok ok
Okidata 393 ok ok
Olivetti DM105S ok ok
Olivetti DM309S ok ok
Olivetti DM600S ok
Output Technology ok ok
Panasonic KX-P1124 ok ok
Panasonic KX-P1180 ok ok
Panasonic KX-P1191 ok ok
Panasonic KX-P1624 ok ok ok
Panasonic KX-P1695 ok ok
Seikosha BP-5460 ok
Seikosha SL-90 ok
PC Chart Documentation Page 57 of 77
Table 4.2 - Continued...
Desc. Epson-FX Epson-LQ IBM-Pro
Seikosha SL-230AI ok ok
Seikosha SP-1600AI ok
Seikosha SP-2000 ok ok
Star Mic NX-1500 ok ok
Star Mic. XB-2410 ok ok
Star Mic. XR-1000 ok ok
Star Mic. XR-1500 ok ok
Star Mic. XR-2410 ok ok
Star Mic. XR-2415 ok ok
Tandy DMP 133 ok ok
Tandy DMP 240 ok ok
Tandy DMP 300 ok
Tandy DMP 442 ok
Tandy DMP 2102 ok
Texas Ins 8930 ok ok
Tosh. Express. 301 ok
Tosh. Express. 311 ok ok
Unisys AP 1324 ok
Unisys AP 1327 ok ok
Table 4.3 - Compatible Ink-Jet Printers
Desc. EPS-FX EPS-LQ IBM-PRO HP-Laser
Canon BJ-10e ok
DEC LJ250 C.C. Printer ok
DEC LJ252 C.C. Printer ok
Epson EPI-4000 ok ok ok
HP Deskjet ok
HP Deskjet 500 ok
HP PaintJet XL ok
Kodak Diconix 150 Plus ok ok
Table 4.4 - Compatible Laser Printers
Desc. EPS-FX EPS-LQ IBM-PRO HP-Laser
AGFA P3400 PS ok
Brother HL-4 ok ok ok
Brother HL-8e ok ok ok
Brother HL-8PS ok
Camin. Turbo. Plus 3 ok
Dataproducts LZR 650 ok ok ok
Dataproducts LZR 2450 D ok
Desktop Laser Beam ok ok ok
Epson EPL-6000 ok
Everex Ab. Laserscript ok
Facit P6060 ok
PC Chart Documentation Page 58 of 77
Table 4.4 - Compatible Laser Printers
Desc. EPS-FX EPS-LQ IBM-PRO HP-Laser
Fortis DP600S ok ok ok
Fujitsu RX7100 ok ok ok
Fujitsu RX7100PS ok ok ok
Fujitsu RX7100PS Plus ok
Fujitsu RX7100 S/2 ok ok ok
Fujitsu RX7200 ok ok ok
Fujitsu RX7300E ok ok ok
Howtek Pixelmaster ok
HP Laserjet ok
HP Laserjet Plus ok
HP Laserjet II ok
HP Laserjet IID ok
HP Laserjet IIP ok
HP Laserjet III ok
HP Laserjet IIID ok
HP Laserjet IIIP ok
HP Laserjet IIIsi ok
IBM Laserprinter ok ok ok
IBM Laserprinter E ok
Kyocera F-1800A ok ok ok
Mann. Tally 905 ok ok
Mann. Tally 906 ok
Mann. Tally 906 PS ok
Mann. Tally 910UPS ok
Mitek 130T ok
NCR 6435 ok
NCR 6436-0501 ok ok ok
NEC LC-890 ok
NEC Silentwriter2 90 ok
NEC Silentwriter2 290 ok
NewGen Turbo PS/360 ok ok
NewGen Turbo PS/480 ok ok
Okidata Okilaser 400 ok
Okidata Okilaser 820 ok ok
Okidata Okilaser 840 ok
Olivetti PG 306 ok ok ok
Packard Bell PB9500 ok
Panasonic KX-P4220 ok
Panasonic KX-P4450i ok ok
Printronix L2324 ok
Qume Crystal. Express ok
Qume Crystal. Pub. II ok
Qume Crystal. S.II ok
Qume Crystal. S.S. II ok ok
QMS PS-410 ok
QMS PS-810 Turbo ok
QMS PS-820 Turbo ok
QMS PS-2210 ok
PC Chart Documentation Page 59 of 77
Table 4.4 - Compatible Laser Printers
Desc. EPS-FX EPS-LQ IBM-PRO HP-Laser
Raster Dev. Dir. Imp. ok
Ricoh PC Laser 6000/PS ok
Star LaserPrinter 811 ok ok ok
Spear Desktop Laser ok
Talarisok 590-T Pri. ok
TI Microlaser ok
Toshiba PageLaser6 ok ok
Unisys AP 9206 ok ok ok
Unisys AP 9215-1 ok ok ok
Unisys AP 9230 ok ok ok
Unisys AP 9415 ok
PC Chart is compatible with hundreds of printers. If you own a
printer which is not listed in the preceding tables, the program
will probably still work on your printer. Refer to your printer
documentation, your printer probably emulates either the
EPSON-FX, EPSON LQ, IBM PROPRINTER, or HP LASERJET printers.
Some older printers may not work with PC Chart. We have
collected a variety of shareware programs which will allow you to
print your charts on a variety of dot-matrix, inkjet, and laser
printers. Please contact us for information.
Guru Systems Ltd. Tel: (604) 299-1010
3873 Airport Way Fax: (604) 299-1099
Bellingham, WA 98227
Business hours: Monday to Friday 9 - 5 pm Pacific Time
Or send us an E-mail message on CompuServe or GEnie.
CIS : 72717,1651
GEnie: G.QUONG
PC Chart Documentation Page 60 of 77
Part 5
On-Line Price Information
This part of the manual explains how to update price files
automatically over the telephone lines. All Quotes, Dial/Data
and GEnie are the data services used for price information. The
advantage of on-line information is the timeliness of the data.
Actual buy and sell decisions are based upon the latest
available information.
The INDEX symbol file will not update properly from All-Quotes,
Dial/Data, or GEnie. We manually enter price and volume
information for indices, because the dialup services we support
do not transmit the proper volume information.
All-Quotes, Dial/Data, and GEnie change their dialup procedures
at irregular intervals. PC Chart is modified to reflect these
changes. If Version 1.5 of PC Chart (released July 15, 1993)
does not download information on any of these data services, then
they may have made some changes.
If this situation occurs, please contact us for the latest
version of PC Chart. We will be happy to supply you a copy of
the most recent version of PC Chart for a $5 fee (FREE SHIPPING).
Each person will be allowed to accept this offer only once.
The dialup telecommunication routines in PC Chart (US Version)
are designed to work in the United States. However, GEnie
maintains its own communications network and PC Chart will work
in any country which GEnie has local access numbers. GEnie has
be accessed through other data networks, but PC Chart does not
support this feature.
We also sell a Canadian Version of PC Chart which fully supports
All-Quotes, Dial/Data, and GEnie. This version will be
made available to Canadian shareware vendors and BBS's (ASP).
To download stock quotes from CompuServe use the QL.EXE program.
Read the QL.DOC file for instruction how to use this program.
PC Chart Documentation Page 61 of 77
Chapter 5
On-line Price Information
5 Introduction to Telecommunications 63
5.1 All-Quotes 63
5.1.1 All-Quotes Menu Structure 64
5.1.2 Daily 64
5.1.3 Create 65
5.1.4 Manual 65
5.1.5 Update 65
5.1.6 Recreate 66
5.2 Dial/Data 66
5.2.1 Daily 68
5.2.2 Create 71
5.2.3 Manual 72
5.2.4 Update 73
5.2.5 Recreate 73
5.3 GEnie 74
5.3.1 Daily 74
5.3.2 Manual 75
5.3.3 Update 76
PC Chart Documentation Page 62 of 77
5 Introduction to Telecommunications
It is not necessary to use the telecommunications capabilities of
PC Chart to effectively use all the capabilities of the program.
Manual entry of price information is quick and efficient.
However, for convenience we have included telecommunication
capabilities in this package. Telecommunications requires at least one
available RS 232C serial port, a Hayes compatible 1200 or 2400 Baud
modem, and a phone connection. Four Hayes compatible modems have been
tested.
1. Package Bell PB1200 modem.
2. Qubie 1200 Baud Modem.
3. Cardinal 2400 Baud Modem
4. U.S. Robotics Courier 2400 External Modem
5.1 All-Quotes
All-Quotes is an economical source for real time stock and
commodity quotations. Real-time, delayed, and end of day
information for stocks, options, and commodities listed on the
following exchanges are available on All-Quotes.
Table 5.1 - Stock Exchange Abbreviations
Abbreviation Exchange
AMEX American Exchange
BSE Boston Stock Exchange
CBT Chicago Board of Trade
CME Chicago Mercantile Exchange
COMEX Chicago Commodity Exchange
CSE Cincinati Stock Exchange
CSC Coffee Sugar & Cocoa
CE Cotton Exchange
MSE Mid West Stock Exchange
NASDAQ NASDAQ
NYFE New York Futures
NYME New York Mercantile
NYSE New York Stock Exchange
O Options
PSE Philadelphia
ASE Alberta Stock Exchange
NYSE New York Stock Exchange
MSE Montreal Stock Exchange
TCO TransCanada Options
TSE Toronto Stock Exchange
VSE Vancouver Stock Exchange
The information available for each stock is prior close, open,
high, low, last, bid, ask, dollar value of trading, and number of
shares traded.
PC Chart Documentation Page 63 of 77
5.1.1 All-Quotes Menu Structure
The All-Quotes menu is listed below.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File MODEM Setup Exit
======================================================================
+================++==============+
| A: All-Quotes || A: DAILY |
| B: Dial/Data || B: Create |
| C: GEnie || C: Manual |
+================+| D: Update |
| E: Recreate |
+==============+
Figure 5.1 - All-Quotes Menu
5.1.2 Daily
The DAILY item on the modem menu is used to download real-time,
delayed, or end of day quotes from All-Quotes. When you choose
this item another menu pops up. This menu lists all symbol files
except the symbol file which contains the names of the
Advance/Decline files.
Your choice of a symbol file will automatically activate the
downloading process. The program automatically dials the
appropriate phone number, and logs onto All-Quotes. The relevant
information is saved in a disk file, then processing begins to
convert this data file into a form which PC Chart can use. When
you download information from All-Quotes, Dial/Data, or GEnie the
information is stored in a "*.tel" file.
After the "*.tel" file is saved, then PC Chart reads the file and
the volume, open, high, low, and close will automatically appear
beside each of the stocks. Check the information visually and
edit any incorrect entries, press F2 to update the price files.
You will notice when you download commodity information that the
open interest is the same as the volume because All-Quotes does
not supply open interest information.
When you update stocks the date of each entry is compared to the
latest record from that price file. If the date matches the
latest price record then this information is presumed to be the
latest information and is written over the price record.
This feature allows you to update prices on stocks, options, and
commodities that you track more then once a day. The latest
information is simply written over the last record of the price
file. The information in "*.tel" can be viewed with a text editor
or by using the ASCII mode of a word processing program.
PC Chart Documentation Page 64 of 77
To print any *.tel use these commands.
print filename.tel (filename of *.tel file)
OR
copy filename.tel lpt1:
5.1.3 Create
The Create option in the All-Quotes menu is used to price file.
Follow the instructions listed below and PC Chart will create a
file and download the historical information from Dial/Data.
1. Type in the name of the security or commodity future.
2. Type in the Ticker Symbol and Exchange.
3. Type in the number of days of history you want. (max 100)
4. Wait about 1 or 2 minutes, while PC Chart gets the
information for you.
5. Edit the information and save it to disk by pressing F2.
5.1.4 Manual
The MANUAL item on the modem menu is used to acquire information
by interacting with All-Quotes. One example of such usage is to
confirm the validity of the stock codes before you begin to use
the Daily item of the modem menu. The program automatically
signs onto All-Quotes. After you invoke the MANUAL option, PC
Chart phones All-Quotes, enters your password, and the following
message "STOCK SYMBOL:" should appear. Type in various stock
symbols to get the prior close, open, high, low, last, bid and
ask, trading volume and dollar volume. When you are finished type
LOGOFF to end the session. All-Quotes will then inform you of the
elapsed time of the session. The information downloaded from
All-Quotes is saved in a file named "QUERY.TEL". The data
contained in the file is not used to update price files. You
can use a word processing program or program editor to view the
information in this file. Another method would be to scan the
contents on the screen using the DOS command TYPE.
type query.tel
When you invoke the MANUAL option a stop-watch should be used
to end each session at one minute increments. Each session
should be planned in advance to take one, two, or several
minutes. Remember, if you use All-Quotes for one minute and one
second you are still charged for two minutes of connect time. USE
YOUR YOUR TIME WISELY.
5.1.5 Update
The UPDATE item on the modem menu is used to update all the
price files of a particular symbol file from the
telecommunication file. The price information on the spreadsheet
PC Chart Documentation Page 65 of 77
which is stored in your computer RAM (temporary) is used to
update the files stored on your disk (permanent).
This UPDATE function takes a telecommunication file stored in
permanent memory (floppy or hard disk) then converts it into
information shown on the spreadsheet. The date, volume,
high, low, and close information on each stock can be visually
checked for correctness. The next step is to update price files.
Press F2 to save the information to disk.
When you update stocks the date of each entry is compared to the
latest record from that price file. If the date matches the
latest price record then this information is presumed to be the
latest information and is written over the price record.
The UPDATE function is used to update or to visually scan the
latest real-time data. When you download the price information
using the DAILY function the extension of the file that it saved
under is ".TEL". The information in these telecommunication files
(TEL) is not necessarily used to update price files .
The DAILY program function will not update information if the
ESC key is pressed. The UPDATE function can be used later to
update price files, if the updating function of DAILY is aborted.
It also can be used to visually scan the latest information.
5.1.6 Recreate
The RECREATE function is used to recreate the price file. The
CREATE option will not update information if the ESC key is
pressed. Sometimes, when the phone line is noisy an extra line
feed is introduced at the start of the block of 10 days
of information.
Consequently, when PC Chart misses a few days when it processes
the information in the "*.tel" communication file. The solution
to this problem is to edit the communication file. For example,
if you create a price history for IBM you can use the CREATE
option to save all the information to the "ibm.tel" file. Then
you can use a text editor (included in DOS 5.0) or word
processor to edit any erroneous line feeds. Then, you can go back
into PC Chart and use the RECREATE option to create a correct
price history.
5.2 Dial/Data
Dial/Data allows you to track securities, options, mutual funds,
bonds indices and commodities. Dial/Data tracks all stocks,
bonds, rights, warrants, government issues and mutual funds.
Technical data is available from 1970 for all original Standard &
Poor's issues. Data consists of high, low, close, and volume for
the following exchanges.
PC Chart Documentation Page 66 of 77
New York Stock Exchange - NYSE
Government Agencies - Bid, Ask, Yield
American Stock Exchange - AMEX
Mutual Funds - Net Asset Value
Over The Counter - NASDAQ
Money Market - Yield & Ave. Day to Mat.
Montreal Stock Exchange - MSE
Toronto Stock Exchange - TSE
Vancouver Stock Exchange - VSE
The latest year is available for all EQUITY and INDEX options
listed on U.S. exchanges. New options and new exchanges are
added on the day they begin trading. Daily open, high, low,
close, volume and open interest as well as data on all underlying
securities are available on the following exchanges:
Chicago Board of Options Exchange - CBOE
Pacific Stock Exchange - PSE
American Stock Exchange - AMEX
New York Stock Exchange - NYSE
Philadelphia Stock Exchange - PBW
Dial/Data has market statistics and information on various market
indices and time shared data on commodity futures contracts. The
commodity data base goes back to 1963 with selected cash series
beginning 1958. New contracts and commodities are added as soon
as they begin trading. Early access - 7:00 p.m. (EST). Daily
price - open, high, low, close, volume and open interest is
available for all commodities on the following exchanges.
Chicago Board of Trade New York Cotton Exchange
Minneapolis Grain Exchange International Monetary Exchange
Chicago Mercantile Exchange New York Futures Exchange
New York Coffee, Sugar and Kansas City Board of Trade
Cocoa Exchange New York Mercantile Exchange
Commodity Exchange, Inc. Mid America Winnipeg Grain Exchange
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File MODEM Setup Exit
======================================================================
+================++==============+
| A: All-Quotes || A: DAILY |
| B: DIAL/DATA || B: Create |
| C: GEnie || C: Manual |
+================+| D: Update |
| E: Recreate |
+==============+
Figure 5.2 - Dial/Data Menu
PC Chart Documentation Page 67 of 77
5.2.1 Daily
This Daily option is used to download all price files in a ticker
file in one session. The default date requested from Dial/Data is
the current date. The normal method of operation is to update price
and volume information daily. To update the entire week's data on
Friday, you can first request Monday's, Tuesday's, Wednesday's,
Thursday's, and then Friday's information. Today's date is July
8, 1991, and the following example will show you how to download
information about the thirty stocks in the Dow Jones Industrial
Average (US Shareware only).
REGISTERED USERS: First, choose the DOW30 symbol file, and
accept today's date by pressing Enter.
SHAREWARE USERS: Choose the NYSE symbol file.
On the second line of the screen the following messages will
appear. (Registered Users Only)
1. ATZ
2. ATDT 1 206 733 2720
3.
4. D1
5. SET 2:0
6. C 212065,TDC01,DIAL01
7.
8. USR.DDX.001
9. SESAME
10 USERCODE PASSWORD CHARGECODE
11. 07/08/91
12. ALD;AA;AXP;T;BS
13. BA;CAT;CHV;KO;DIS
14. DD;EK;XON;GE;GM
15. GT;IBM;IP;JPM;MCD
16. MRK;MMM;MO;PG;S
17. TX;UK;UTX;WX;Z
18. BYE
19. C
20. C: Set 1
21. C: Set 2
22. C: Set 3
Each message will be preceded by a short pause. The DOW30.TEL
file will look something like this.
ATZ
OK
ATDT 1 206 733 2720
CONNECT 1200
terminal=D1
@ SET 2:0
PC Chart Documentation Page 68 of 77
@ C 2121065,TDC01,DIAL01
313 41 Connected
**** Track Data System 52 / Press NEW-LINE to begin logging
on ****
AOS/VS 22.02.00.00 / EXEC-32 2.02.00.00 8-Jul-91 12:16:56
@VCON19
Username: USR.DDX.001
Password: --------
Most recent logon 8-Jul-91 12:08:52
#ENTER USERCODE PLEASE -
D/D
INP
07/08/91
INP
ALD;AA;AXP;T;BS
INP
BA;CAT;CHV;KO;DIS
INP
DD;EK;XON;GE;GM
INP
GT;IBM;IP;JPM;MCD
INP
MRK;MMM;MO;PG;S
INP
TX;UK;UTX;WX;Z
INP
BYE
PRI
C
@DD1 = ???DALD 1910708 3320 3328 3320 3328110350 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DAA 1910708 6704 6804 6620 6728113390 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DAXP 1910708 2128 2204 2124 2200146430 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DT 1910708 3820 3824 3812 3820151880 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DBS 1910708 1608 1616 1604 1616112320 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DBA 1910708 4408 4416 4404 4408136190 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DCAT 1910708 4808 4812 4800 4800 64600 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DCHV 1910708 6812 6824 6812 6824124800 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DKO 1910708 5508 5516 5504 5512124950 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DDIS 1910708 11612 11716 11612 11708118370 0%%%
@DD1 = &&& 14066 30
&&&C
PC Chart Documentation Page 69 of 77
@DD1 = ???DDD 1910708 4612 4624 4604 4608126150 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DEK 1910708 3912 3928 3912 3924137210 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DXON 1910708 5708 5712 5628 5712140230 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DGE 1910708 7312 7320 7300 7312150080 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DGM 1910708 4204 4216 4128 4212130940 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DGT 1910708 3316 3328 3312 3328 94500 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DIBM 1910708 9800 9828 9724 9820152150 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DIP 1910708 7116 7116 7104 7112110550 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DJPM 1910708 5124 5204 5120 5128 60700 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DMCD 1910708 3224 3228 3220 3224140970 0%%%
@DD1 = &&& 14607 30
&&&C
@DD1 = ???DMRK 1910708 11616 11708 11600 11704116480 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DMMM 1910708 9016 9020 9000 9008110490 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DMO 1910708 6508 6512 6500 6512157360 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DPG 1910708 7816 7600 7808 7828112760 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DS 1910708 3712 3716 3704 3712114560 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DTX 1910708 6004 6012 6000 6004124380 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DUK 1910708 2004 2020 2000 2020125300 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DUTX 1910708 4416 4420 4408 4416115900 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DWX 1910708 2624 2624 2612 2616132040 0%%%
@DD1 = ???DZ 1910708 3020 3024 3016 3020110510 0%%%
@DD1 = &&& 14469 30&&
The information in the DOW30.TEL file can be viewed by using a
text editor or by using the ASCII mode of a word processing
program. To print the DOW30.TEL file use these commands.
print dow30.tel
OR
copy dow30.tel lpt1:
PC Chart takes the information contained in the DOW30.TEL file
and displays it in a spreadsheet-like format.
PC Chart Documentation Page 70 of 77
Volume: 103500 Mon Jul 08 1991 09:18:32
Ticker Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1 ALD NYSE 91/0708 103500 33.98 33.63 33.88
2 AA NYSE 91/0708 133900 68.13 66.63 67.88
3 AXP NYSE 91/0708 464300 22.13 21.75 22.00
4 T NYSE 91/0708 518800 38.75 38.38 38.63
5 BS NYSE 91/0708 123200 16.50 16.13 16.50
6 BA NYSE 91/0708 361900 44.50 44.13 44.25
7 CAT NYSE 91/0708 64600 48.38 48.00 48.00
8 CHV NYSE 91/0708 248000 68.75 68.38 68.75
9 KO NYSE 91/0708 249500 55.50 55.13 55.38
...
14 GE NYSE 91/0708 500800 73.63 73.00 73.38
15 GM NYSE 91/0708 309400 42.50 41.88 42.38
16 GT NYSE 91/0708 94500 33.88 33.38 33.88
17 IBM NYSE 91/0708 521500 98.88 97.75 98.63
18 IP NYSE 91/0708 105500 71.50 71.13 71.38
19 JPM NYSE 91/0708 60700 52.13 51.63 51.88
20 MCD NYSE 91/0708 409700 32.88 32.63 32.75
Figure 5.3 - Updating All Thirty Stocks in the DJIA
The information can be saved by pressing F2.
5.2.2 Create
The Create option in the Dial/Data menu is used to create one
price file.
Date: Mon Jul 08 1991 09:18:32
Symbol Exchange Date Volume High Low Close
1 CA NYSE 91/0501 298800 8.6250 8.3750 8.3750
2 91/0502 633200 8.5000 8.1250 8.2500
3 91/0503 1442300 8.1250 7.6250 7.8750
4 91/0506 1058600 8.1250 7.6250 7.8750
5 91/0507 529000 8.0000 7.8750 7.8750
6 91/0508 455300 7.8750 7.6250 7.7500
7 91/0509 320400 7.8750 7.7500 7.8750
8 91/0510 608300 8.0000 7.8750 7.8750
9 91/0513 496400 8.0000 7.7500 7.8750
...
14 91/0520 312200 7.8750 7.7500 7.8750
15 91/0521 469200 7.8750 7.6250 7.7500
16 91/0522 2214200 8.6250 8.1250 8.6250
17 91/0523 1888600 9.3750 8.8750 9.0000
18 91/0524 825600 9.2500 9.0000 9.1250
19 91/0528 1146700 9.5000 9.0000 9.5000
20 91/0529 2214000 9.8750 9.5000 9.6250
Figure 5.4 - Creating A File using Dial/Data
PC Chart Documentation Page 71 of 77
Follow the instructions listed below and PC Chart will create a
file and download the historical information from Dial/Data.
1. Type in the name of the security or commodity future.
2. Type in the Ticker Symbol and Exchange.
3. Type in the begin and end dates.
4. One hundred days of historical information will take
about one to two minutes.
On the second line of the screen the following messages will
appear.
1. ATZ
2. ATDT 1 206 733 2720
3.
4. D1
5. SET 2:0
6. C 212065,TDC01,DIAL01
7.
8. USR.DDX.001
9. SESAME
10 USERCODE PASSWORD CHARGECODE
11. (CA) 05/01/91 07/01/91
12. BYE
13. C: Set 1
14. C: Set 2
15. ...
5.2.3 Manual
The MANUAL item on the modem menu is used to acquire information
by interacting with Dial/Data. One example of such usage is
to confirm the validity of the stock codes before you begin to
use the Daily item of the Dial/Data menu. The program
automatically signs onto Dial/Data. After you invoke the MANUAL
option, PC Chart phones Dial/Data enters your password, and
the following message "INP" should appear.
Follow the following steps to get information from Dial/Data.
1. Type in the current date or date range.
07/08/91
or
01/01/91 07/08/91
2. Type in stock symbols.
IBM
TXN
PC Chart Documentation Page 72 of 77
3. To get prices type:
BYE
4. Type "C" until you see the word "END".
The information downloaded from Dial/Data is saved in a file
named "QUERY.TEL". The data contained in the file is not used
to update price files. You can use a word processing program or
program editor to view the information in this file. Another
method would be to scan the contents on the screen using the DOS
command TYPE.
type query.tel
5.2.4 Update
The UPDATE item on the modem menu is used to update all the
price files of a particular symbol file from the
telecommunication file. The price information on the spreadsheet
which is stored in your computer RAM (temporary) is used to
update the files stored on your disk (permanent).
This UPDATE function takes a telecommunication file stored in
permanent memory (floppy or hard disk) then converts it into
information shown on the spreadsheet. The date, volume, high,
low, and close information on each stock can be visually checked
for correctness. The next step is to update price files. Press F2
to save the information to disk.
When you update stocks the date of each entry is compared to the
latest record from that price file. If the date matches the
latest price record then this information is presumed to be the
latest information and is written over the price record.
The UPDATE function is used to update or to visually scan the
latest intraday data. When you download the price information
using the DAILY function the extension of the file that it saved
under is ".TEL". The information in these telecommunication
files (TEL) is not necessarily used to update price files.
The DAILY program function will not update information if the
ESC key is pressed. The UPDATE function can be used later to
update price files, if the updating function of DAILY is aborted.
It also can be used to visually scan the latest information.
5.2.5 Recreate
The RECREATE function is used to recreate the price file. The
CREATE option will not update information if the ESC key is
pressed. Sometimes, when the phone line is noisy an extra line
feed is introduced at the start of the block of 10 days of
information.
PC Chart Documentation Page 73 of 77
Consequently, when PC Chart misses a few days when it processes
the information in the "*.tel" communication file. The solution
to this problem is to edit the communication file. For example,
if you create a price history for IBM you can use the CREATE
option to save all the information to the "ibm.tel" file. Then
you can use a text editor or word processor to edit any erroneous
line feeds. Then, you can go back into PC Chart and use the
RECREATE option to create a correct price history.
5.3 GEnie
GEnie is one of the most popular on-line databases in North
America. GEnie Quotes contains daily and historical information
relating to over 67,000 security issues of all types from common
stocks to mutual funds. Information is gathered from the NYSE,
AMEX, NASDAQ and other sources. All the data is available using
menus and a few simple commands.
PC Chart 1.5 (C) 1988-93 Guru Systems Ltd. Wed May 11 1990 16:34:18
======================================================================
Analysis File MODEM Setup Exit
======================================================================
+================++==============+
| A: All-Quotes || A: DAILY |
| B: Dial/Data || B: Create |
| C: GENIE || C: Manual |
+================+| D: Update |
| E: Recreate |
+==============+
Figure 5.5 - GEnie Menu
5.3.1 Daily
The Daily option in the GEnie menu is used to update all price
files in a symbol file in one session.
The default date requested from GEnie is the current date. The
normal method of operation is to update price and volume
information daily. Since GEnie Star Services stores only the
last two days, one must update your price files daily or every
second day. Type in yesterday's date to get that day's
information or today's to get the most current price and volume
information. The default date requested from GEnie is the current
date. The normal method of operation is to update price and
volume information daily.
For Daily updates:
1. Choose the appropriate symbol file.
2. Press <Enter> to select today's date.
PC Chart Documentation Page 74 of 77
3. The program will now access GEnie automatically and download
the appropriate information. Thirty stocks will take
approximately two minutes and twenty-five seconds at a speed
of 2400 baud. The following messages will appear on the
second line. (DOW30 ticker file - Registered Users Only)
a. ATZ
b. ATDT 683 6992
c. USERID PASSWORD
d.
e. 1
f. 8
g. 1
h. 3
i. ALD, AA, AXP,T, BS
J.
k. BA,CAT,CHV,KO,DIS
l.
m. DD,EK,XON, GE,GM
n.
o. GT,IBM,IP,JPM
Figure 5.6 - Updating Price Files
5.3.2 Manual
The MANUAL item on the modem menu is used to acquire information
by interacting with GEnie. One example of such usage is to
confirm the validity of the stock codes before you begin to use
the Daily item of the GEnie menu. The program automatically
signs onto GEnie. After you invoke the MANUAL option, PC
Chart phones GEnie and enters your password. To inquire
about specific issues look at the menu prompts and choose the
appropriate options. The information downloaded from GEnie is
saved in a file named "QUERY.TEL". The data contained in the file
is not used to update price files. You can use a word
processing program or text editor to view the information in this
file. Another method would be to scan the contents on the screen
using the DOS command TYPE.
type query.tel
To print out this file.
print query.tel
or
copy query.tel lpt1:
PC Chart Documentation Page 75 of 77
5.3.3 Update
The UPDATE item on the modem menu is used to update all the
price files of a particular symbol file from the
telecommunication file. The price information on the spreadsheet
which is stored in your computer RAM (temporary) is used to
update the files stored on your disk (permanent).
This UPDATE function takes a telecommunication file stored in
permanent memory (floppy or hard disk) then converts it into
information shown on the spreadsheet. The date, volume, high,
low, and close information on each stock can be visually checked
for correctness. The next step is to update price files. Press F2
to save the information to disk.
When you update stocks the date of each entry is compared to the
latest record from that price file. If the date matches the
latest price record then this information is presumed to be the
latest information and is written over the price record.
The UPDATE function is used to update or to visually scan the
latest data. When you download the price information using the
DAILY function the extension of the file that it saved
under is ".TEL". The information in these telecommunication files
(TEL) is not necessarily used to update price files.
The DAILY program function will not update information if the
ESC key is pressed. The UPDATE function can be used later to
update price files, if the updating function of DAILY is aborted.
It also can be used to visually scan the latest information.
The following procedure can be used to update your stocks using
GEnie every second day. Request yesterday's date when you use
the Daily option of the GEnie menu. Save the information using
the <F2> key. Then use the Update option in the GEnie to get
today's information from the "*.tel" file.
Bibliography
Cohen, A.W., The Chartcraft Method of Point and Figure Trading,
3rd printing, Larchmont, New York: Chartcraft, Inc. 1967
Frost and Prechter, Elliot Wave Principle: Key to Stock Market
Profits, 5th Ed., New York City, New Classics Library, Inc., 1985
Granville, Joseph E., Granville's New Strategy of Daily Stock
Market Timing for Maximum Profit, 11th printing, Englewood New
Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1976
Wilder, J. Welles, New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems,
Greensboro, N.C., Trend Research.
PC Chart Documentation Page 76 of 77
Index
Advance/Decline Indicators 47
Advance/Decline File Maintenance 23
All-Quotes 52, 64
Analysis Menu 6, 7, 40
Backing Up Your Disks 3
Create A/D File 23, 26, 27
Creating Price Files 14
Creating and Editing Symbol Files 16
Data Verification 29
Dial/Data 53, 66
Directional Movement Index 38, 40, 41
Drive 50, 51
Edit A/D File 27
Edit Symbol File 20
Editing Price Files 20
Elliot Wave Theory XVII, 44
Exiting the Program 11
File Menu 8
GEnie II, XVI, 54, 74
Installation 4
Introduction to Telecommunications 63
Logarthmic Plot 41
Main Menu 5
Manual 65, 72, 75
Modem 10, 63
Money Flow 45
Monthly Chart 44
Moving Averages 33
Parabolic System 38, 39
Parameters 46, 52, 53
Point & Figure 42
Price/Volume 33
Printing a Chart 35
Relative Strength 35
Setup 5, 7, 9
Starting the program 3, 5
Stochastics 43
Technical Analysis 3, 5
Update A/D 23
Updating Price Files 18
Weekly Chart 43
PC Chart Documentation Page 77 of 77
